64 



EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



1-2 EDWARD VII., A. 1902 



with the maritime pine especially Pinus sylvestris, and notes were taken on these as 

 to their comparative vigour of growth on the apparently pure sand of the district. A 

 careful study was also made of other varieties of trees and shrubs seen growing here 

 and there on that soil, and a complete list made with notes on their growth. The in- 

 formation thus gained was subsequently used to good purpose when selecting the ma- 

 terial to be tested on Sable Island. 



VISIT TO NORMANDY. 



I also made a journey to the district of Calvados in Normandy, which is known 

 throughout the world among nurserymen for its large tree-growing establishments, 

 where an immense number of young forest trees are produced. With an excellent 

 climate for this purpose, cheap labour and long hours for work, and the employment 

 of the best methods, young trees are produced there of thrifty growth in millions, and 

 with such advantages they can be supplied at very low rates. The stock of one of the 

 larger nurseries was inspected and plenty of suitable material found. The maritime 

 pine especially was grown in very large quantities, as this tree is exten- 

 sively planted in many parts of France. Many other species of pine and 

 other evergreen trees were also available there with a large assortment of deciduous 

 trees and shrubs. 



SELECTION OF SUITABLE VARIETIES. 



On returning to Ottawa a list of such sorts as were likely to be suitable was pre- 

 pared with quantities desired. The trees and shrubs chosen included a large number 

 of those which have succeeded well in drifting sands in France to which were added a 

 number of other varieties which from Canadian experience were likely to prove useful 

 for that purpose. Small lots of many other species were added to lend interest to the 

 collection and to test their hardiness and adaptability to the climate of Sable Island. 

 This list included in all 68,755 evergreens of 25 varieties, and 12,590 deciduous sorts 

 of 79 varieties, a total of 81,345, made up as follows : — 



TREES BROUGHT FROM FRANCE. 



10,000 



10,000 



10,000 



10,000 



5,000 



2,500 



2,500 



100 



50 



10,000 



2,500 



2,500 



1,0J0 



1,000 



1,000 



500 



10 



10 



10 



10 



10 



Evergreens. 



Pinus pinaster = P. maritima, Maritime 

 or Cluster Pine, 

 ii sylvestris, Scotch Pine, 

 ii ii rigaensis, Riga Pine. 



ii Laricio nigricans,, Austrian Pine.' 

 ii Montana, Mountain Pine. 

 ii Montana Mughus, Dwarf Mountain 



Pine. 

 ii strobus, White Pine. 

 ii rigida, Pitch Pine. 

 ,i cembra, Stone Pine. 

 Abies excelsa, Norway Spruce. 

 ii bulsamea, Balsam Spruce. 

 ii alba, White Spruce, 

 n nigra, Black Spruce. 

 Juniperus virginiana, Red Cedar. 



ii communis, Common Juniper. 



Thuya occidentalis, arbor vi.tse. 

 ii colnmbia. 



ii Eltcangcriana. 



„ globosa. 



ii Hovcyi. 



n lutea. 



Number 



10 



10 



10 

 25 



500 



500 



10 



50 

 50 

 25 



10 

 5 



25 



10 



2,000 



10 



Name. 



Cuprcssus pisifcrafilifera, Thread-like Reti- 

 nospora. 

 ii ii plumosa, Plumose Reti- 



nospora. 

 n ii plumosa aurea. 



Taxus baccata, European Yew. 



Deciduous Trees and Shrubs. 



Acer Negundo, Box Elder. 



ii platanoidcs, Norway Maple. 



ii ii Schwcdlcri, Schwedler's 



Norway Maple. 

 ii sancharinum, Sugar Maple. 

 ii tataricum, Tartarian Maple. 

 Vitis (Amptlopsis) quinque folia, Virginia 

 Creeper, 

 it Thunbergii, Japan Ivy. 

 Aristolochia sipho, Dutchman's Pipe. 

 Bcrbcris vulgaris foliis purpurcis, Purple 

 Barberry. 

 n Thunbergi, Thunbprg's Barberry. 



Bciula alba, European White Birch. 



ii ii lactniata pendida, Cut-leaved 



Birch. 



