242 



EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



1-2 EDWARD VII., A. 1902 



The small, shot-like galls are produced on young twigs, usually on old tree3, but they 

 have also been observed by Dr. L. Kirchner on young and healthy plants, whose death 

 they caused. (Andrew Murray, Aptera, p. 363.) 



The Peach Bark-beetle (Phloeotrihus liminaris, Harr.). — This little bark-beetle 

 although it only occurs in Canada, as far as I am aware, in the Niagara Peninsula, is 

 there every year the cause of much injury to peach trees. Mr. Carl E. Fisher has for 

 several years experimented with remedies and has kept it measurably under control. 

 During the past season he has tried washing the trees with a strong solution of whale- 

 oil soap, and the results are so satisfactory that I have much pleasure in making them 

 public for the benefit of others who are troubled with this pest. Mr. Fisher writes : 

 ' Kegarding the Peach Bark-beetle, it is still a bad pest. I can see signs of it in many 

 of the orchards throughout this section. The best remedy I have found yet is three 

 pounds of whale-oil soap in one gallon of water, applied in the early spring, when the 

 beetles first begin to move, and two or three times afterwards, if it is considered neces- 

 sary from an examination of the tree during the summer. This is much easier made 

 up than the formula I sent you some time ago. (Kept. Ent. and Bot., 1896, p. 225.) It 

 is fully as effective, or more so, and of course will not injure the tree. Applied with a 

 stiff scrubbing brush, the work is easily done.' 



THE SAN JOSE SCALE. 



The San Jose Scale is still a subject of enormous importance in that part of 

 Ontario where it occurs. Fortunately, it does not exist in any other province of 



Canada, and during the past sea- 

 Bon it has spread but little beyond 

 its former limits, but within these 

 a great deal of harm has been done 

 in many orchards within the area 

 where it has secured a footing. 

 This insect was not detected in 

 Ontario orchards until January, 

 1897, and certainly was not at 

 that time abundant in any part 

 of the province. All statements 

 that the insect has been in the 

 country for ten or more years 

 are, as far as I can find out, mis- 

 takes, or are founded on conjec- 

 ture. In different localities the 

 degree of injury to trees from 

 this insect varies very much, but 

 in all places, when once estab- 

 lished, it spreads rapidly, and by 

 the second year the trees may be 

 coated over by the scales and 

 rendered so unsightly as to be 

 readily detected. Trees in thi3 

 condition are always seriously 

 injured, and, although with care- 

 ful treatment they may be saved, 

 it is usually questionable whether 

 ^ this is good policy, and whe- 



Fig. 17.— The San Josg Scale : a, Infested twig ; t } ier [ t WO uld not be better to 



6 cart of the same, much enlarged. , ., . , , 



(Cut Wndly lent by the U. S. Entomologist.) cut down the trees and replant. 



