958 New York State Dairymen's Association 



Such a system is entirely out of the reach of the rank and file 

 of farmers producing milk for a big city like Xew York. Yet I 

 am fully satisfied that clean milk production is well within the 

 reach of anv dairy farmer ])rovided that there is a division of 

 labor made, and that he does properly the small part which is 

 assigned to him. This division of labor takes place between the 

 farmer on the one hand and such a central station as I have sug- 

 gested on the other. What this division is 1 show in the tabula- 

 tion below: 



WnAT FARMER DOES 



1. Cows, healthy. 5. Cow feed, no stronjj: llavor. 



2. Cows, tuberculin tested. C. Cow feed, none unwholesome. 



3. Cows, sound udders. 7. Milkers, no contagious disease. 



4. Cows, not in calving period. 



WHAT STATION DOES 



1. Water supply, pure. 10. Dairy-house, apparatus, power. 



2. Dairy-house, sujjerintendent. 11. Dairy-house, apparatus, washing, 



3. Dairy-house, employees. sterilizing. 



4. Dairy-house, white uniforms. 12. Dairy-house, apparatus, cooling, 



5. Dairy-house, rdoni for washing. bottling. 



6. Dairy-house, room for sterilizing. 13. Dairy-house, apparatus, pails, 



7. Dairy-house, room for cooling, cans, bottles. 



bottling. 14. Dairy-house, ice, supply abun- 



8. Dairy-house, laboratory. dant. 



9. Dairy-house, apparatus, steam. 



Those requirements relating to the general health of the cow 

 must always be insisted upon, with the exception of tuberculin 

 testing. (Uean milk can be produced from any kind of cows 

 whether tuberculin tested or not. I believe that tuberculin test- 

 ing is necessary only where milk is to be sold in a raw state. 



The cost of producing and handling any commodity depends 

 chiefly on the volume of business. Certain fixed charges are 

 always necessary to provide facilities for the different processes. 

 Where the volume of business is snuill, these fixed charges inflict 

 a heavy tax on the goods sold. Wlier(> the volume of business is 

 large the tax is disti-ibulcd and each unit of the ('oiniiiodity has to 

 bear only a small part of the tax. Tn the production of certified 

 milk we see illustrated the eifect of the small volume of business 

 causing a heavy tax on each quart of milk sold. In order to per- 



