Thiety-sixth Annual 'Convention 959 



form all of the sanitary processes heavy fixed charges are neces- 

 sary. The total unniber of quarts prodnced on each dairy farm is 

 comparatively small and each ([uart carries with it a heavy tax. 

 If there are ten certified dairies there will he ten artesian wells, 

 ten steam boilers, ten steam sterilizers, ten bottle washing, pail 

 washing and can washing outfits, ten bottle filling machines, ten 

 sets of cooling and refrigerating machines, ten superintendents, 

 and ten forces of dairy employees. All fixed charges are multi- 

 plied by ten, and much of the certified milk consequently carries 

 such a heavy tax that it costs 20 cents per quart. 



Contrast with this the system of doing business with the divi- 

 sion of labor which I have suggested. Centralization is the back- 

 bone of success in modern business. By centralizing the major 

 sanitary processes in one dairy house, and by multiplying dairy 

 farms which are contributing milk to the dairy house, all of the 

 overhead charges and the cost of equipment are divided, so that a 

 very small tax is inflicted on each quart of milk. 



I am not advocating the admission of cow stables which are so 

 imsanitary that they are unworthy of membership in any clean 

 milk organization. Some standard of excellence, and decent con- 

 ditions such as can easily be maintained by any self-respecting 

 dairyman, should be required. 



Filled with the idea that any dairy farm could make clean milk 

 by this system, I brought this matter to the attention of the ISTew 

 York j\Ii]k Committee four years ago. This committee is an 

 organization supported by philanthropic persons, which has as 

 its object the reduction of infant mortality and the improvement 

 of the milk supply of Xew York City. The committee was so 

 interested in the statement of my experience that they financed a 

 little milk company to carry out on a larger scale than T had 

 done, the system of milk production which I suggested. This 

 ccmpany was called the l^ew York Dairy Demonstration Com- 

 pany and has been doing business for more than two years. At 

 my suggestion an abandoned milk shij^ping station was purchased 

 in the town of Homer, 'N. Y., — it was completely equipped 

 with all of the apparatus necessary for a first-class dairy house. 

 Farmers in the neigh])orhood were invited to become patrons of 



