962 New York State Dairymen's Association 



the. sniall-moutlie(f milking pails, and their tests of milk obtained 

 l)y the old-fashioned open milking- pail and hy the use of the cov- 

 ered pail have shown reduction in the n\nnbers of bacteria rang- 

 ing all the waj from 70 to 9,") per cent, by the use of covered pails 

 alone, without any other improvement in their methods of milk 

 production. 



The dairy farmers themselves are required to have only a milk 

 house with a tank of water for cooling milk. In this tank the 40- 

 quart cans are placed and are surrounded with cakes of ice which 

 float in the water.. This milk house contains nothing but the 40- 

 quart cans, the covered milking pails and the tank of water. Be- 

 yond this, the dairy farmers have no milk equipment. There are 

 no rules regarding the care of cows, or the care of cow staliles, or 

 the care of employees. The dairymen have learned that when 

 they exercise special care in these matters their monthly check in 

 pa^Tnent for their milk is larger. This has led to the general 

 practice of brushing and washing the cows, and keeping the sta- 

 bles reasonably clean, and in the case of men who are leaders, it 

 has led to the washing of hands and the wiping of the udders of 

 the dairy cows before milking. Below is a copy of the monthly 

 bill made out to one of the dair^anen for milk delivered during 

 the month of J^ovember, 1912: 



Xew York Dairy Demonstration Co., Homer, N. Y. 



I!) 12 To Mr. Blank, Dr. 



Dec. 1. To 4,500 qts. of milk at 414^' $191 25 



To premium butter fat 3.9% at 2^ 9 00 



To tuberculin test at i^' 16 87 



To bacteria at 5^ 11 25 



Total $228 37 



I?i this bill it is seen that if this dairyman had sold his milk 

 to. a shipping station buying regular market milk for Xew York, he 

 would have received $191.25; but this 1)111 shows that certain 

 premiums are received by the dairyman of Homer, because he 

 carries his milk to the Homer station. The fact that his cows 

 were tuberculin tested increased his check $10.87; the fact that 

 his milk contained a bacteria count averaging less than 10,000 

 for the month brought him in $11.25. He also received a pre- 



