Some Insects of the AprLE and Their Contkol 1739 



or early in August, according to the season. To ascertain the time 

 for spraying examine the undersides of burlap bands about a few 

 trees, selected for this purpose, for the appearance of empty pupa 

 skins. These indicate that the second brood of moths is making 

 its appearance, when spraying should commence in about a week. 

 This treatment not only affords some protection from the codling 

 moth but it may prove of much value in protecting the foliage 

 against various caterpillars, and especially from late infections of 

 apple scab. 



Arsenate of lead is recommended as it is extremely poisonous 

 to the young codling-moth worms and on drying is very evenly 

 distributed. If it is properly made it is the most adhesive of 

 spraying poisons, and does not generally cause burning of foliage. 

 It is the only poison to use with lime-sulphur solution and should 

 be employed in the proportions of two or three pounds to fifty 

 gallons of water or dilute lime-sulphur solution. 



THE LESSER APPLE WORM 



The lesser apple worm is a native insect which feeds upon crab- 

 apples and wild haws and has recently attracted attention because 

 of its injury to apples. In some 

 sections its work is equally im- 

 portant with that of the codling- 

 moth, to which it is similar in 

 habits and nature of injury. 

 The young caterpillars eat cavi- 

 ties or holes one-fourth to one- 

 half inch deep into the flesh, 

 usually about the calyx lobes. 

 They may eat directly through 

 the skin of the young fruit, but 

 more commonly the calyx cavity is the place of entrance. 

 A characteristic feature of their work is the winding blotch 

 mine under the skin of the apple. The mines occur on the 

 sides of the apples, especially where two are in contact or where an 

 apple is touched by a leaf. Later in the season the injury to the 

 blossom end is about the same, though there is a tendency on the 

 part of the larva to penetrate deeper into the fruit, often to the 



Fig. 134. 



Work of Lesser 

 Worm 



Apple 



1 From Geneva Circular 25. 



