1748 Report of Farmers' Institutes 



feeds upon the unfolding leaves. The leaves and blossom cdusters 

 are tied together in a web, within which the larvae feed. The 

 injury to the fruit is similar to that described for the above as- 

 sociated species. The caterpillars mature in June and the moths 

 appear about one month later. The fruit-tree leaf-roller deposits 

 its eggs on the bark of the trimk and twigs, where they remain 

 through the winter. 



Treatment. — These insects rarely become destructive in or- 

 chards that are systematically sprayed with arsenicals before blos- 

 soming and again after petals drop. If an orchard is badly in- 

 fested it will usually pay to make a special treatment for two or 

 three seasons as the buds begin to expand. The fruit-tree leaf- 

 roller is a more difficult pest to control. Recent experiments indi- 

 cate that the insect may be efficiently combated by thorough spray- 

 ing just before buds open with miscible oil diluted with fifteen 

 parts of water, or with oil emulsion, preferably crude oil, con- 

 taining twenty-five per cent. oil. 



SPRAYING SCHEDULE FOR THE PRINCIPAL INSECTS AND DISEASES OF 



THE APPLE 



First application. — As buds show green at the tips, use lime- 

 sulphur wash at winter strength for San Jose scale and leaf 

 blister-mite. 



Second application. — Just before blossoms open, for apple scab 

 and various leaf-eating insects, use lime-sulphur solutiim (32° 

 Beaume) diluted with forty parts of water, with two to three 

 pouuds arsenate of lead to forty gallons. May be omitted if insects 

 are few and w^eather is dry. 



Third application. — When blossoms are about two-thirds oif, 

 give same treatment as (2). This is the most important spraying 

 for apple scab and codling moth. Should never be omitted. 



Fourth application. — About two weeks later repeat (2) if 

 weather is favorable for apple scab; that is, moist and warm. 



Fifth application. — About first week in August repeat (2) to 

 prevent late infections of apple scab and to control second brood 

 of codling moth. 



