BEAL ON FORESTRY PROBLEMS. 17 



5. Notc^ tlie i)h.vsical coiulilioii of tlie soil where excellent trees and 

 where inferior trees of any promising species may he j-rowing. 



6. Study and experiment to learn which species of trees improve the 

 soil most and which least. 



7. Discover the reason why one mixture of trees sometimes changes 

 abrui»tly for another growing near by. 



8. Discover by experiments in removing all the litter from certain 

 portions of a forest, every year, once in two years, three years, four 

 years, or a portion of. the litter every year. 



U. ("ompare the litter and soil to the depth of one foot in a good forest 

 with the soil of a field that has been cultivated thirty, forty, or fifty 

 years or more. 



10. Study the regions of sand-dunes and drifting sands in all places 

 with reference to improvement. 



11. Study the root systems of ditierent sorts of trees growing under 

 various conditions of soil and elevation. 



12. Find out the geograi)hical distribution in the State of any one 

 or each kind of tree and the reasons therefor. 



lo. Note the distribution of the species in "second growth" on stump 

 lands in many places, the kinds and the probable sources from "grubs 

 or from seeds.'' 



14. Make observations on the succession of forests to see if any fur- 

 ther reasons can be discovered, as in case of pines, oaks, maples, etc. 



15. Study the life history of any species, or all in Michigan, by noting 

 its development from seed to maturity, as learned by studying at one 

 time trees of all ages in the same forest. 



l(j. What amount of wood by weight or bulk is built per year by a leaf 

 surface of 1,000 square feet, of one to many species of trees, and the 

 weight of the leaves in each case required to expose 1,000 square feet 

 of surface. 



17. How much is the surface of one to many species of trees reduced 

 in winter compared with summer. 



18. Study the rapidity of growth of each kind of desirable tree, each in 

 large numbers, to learn the most favorable and most economical place 

 and the least suitable place for growing each. 



19. Compare some good maple trees of the same size growing on good 

 land and on poor in the Upper Peninsula and in Lenawee county to 

 learn which makes the most w'ood and which the best wood. 



20. Compare the length of the growing season of one to many species 

 of trees in the Upper Peninsula with the same in Lenawee county. 



21. Compare the condition of large trees and of small ones as found 

 standing in an old pasture with those growing in the woods.' When 

 opportunity offers, see about the rapidity of growth of trees since 

 pasturing a wood lot. 



22. Try to learn the conditions or various causes for a large annual 

 growth or a small annual growth in any one or more trees of one or 

 more species. 



23. On a variety of acres, how many cubic feet of timber are pro- 

 duced in a year? 



3 



