82 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 



this cleft. The members of the subfamily, Lccanimv, possess much 

 more freedom of movement than do those of the sib-family Diaspmce. 

 Many species of the Lecaninw live, as youug lice, on the leaves of trees 

 and then mip;rate to the twijis and liml>s to pass the winter, after which 

 the}' become fixed. 



So far as Michigan is concerned, this group has two genera, — Lecanium 

 and Piilrinaria. Neither secrete a protecting scale, but when a female 

 Lccdiiiiim is ready to ovijtosit. she simjdy dries u]) into a hard shell on 

 the surface and shrinks away from the eggs, which are left inside this 

 shell, until thev hatch and the voung crawl out. After this this shell 

 becomes loose from the effects of the weather and in time drops off. 

 To this genus belongs the New York plum scale, L. cerasifex, which 

 has proven very serious in certain regions. There are several species 

 in the green houses in Michigan and a good many out of doors. 



Piilrinaria resembles Lecanium in most particulars but the eggs are 

 laid in a mass of cottony secretion pushed out from under the caudal end 

 of the female. 



The next group contains the Hemic-occinw. It is represented in Michi- 

 gan by two genera, one of them, Kerines, has not as yet been recorded 

 but it must be here as the writer has collected it from both sides of 

 Michigan.* Kcnncs is a gall like insect, the segments of the body being 

 solidified into a smooth, even, shiny shell with markings such as are 

 found often on galls. Indeed they have sometimes been mistaken for 

 galls by entomologists and botanists. 



AstcroJcvaniiiin is a smaller form covered with yellow wax. It has 

 been found once in Michigan. 



The sub-family Coccinae contains many diverse forms. We possess 

 six genera in Michigan. The female of Dactiilopius which genus con- 

 tains the mealy-bugs, is furnislied with autenntp, eyes and six legs 

 throughout her life. She is soft and clearly divided into segments. The 

 body is covered with a mealy secretion, apparently making the entire 

 insect white. Ripcrsia is a good deal like Dacfi/lopius but has antennae 

 of six joints, while the antenuie of Daciylopina has anteuniie of eight 

 joints. 



Orthezia is ornamented with plates of white wax of very beautiful 

 form. There is a long tube of pure white wax at the posterior end which 

 is much larger than the insect itself. It gives her the appearance of 

 being an animated stick of candy. In this tube the eggs are laid and 

 carried about until thev hatch into voung lice. 



Eriococcus is covered with a felted sac in which she lives. 



Xi/lococcus hctula is a rare insect, found by Messrs. Schwarz and 

 Pergande in northern Michigan. It burrows in the bark of birch trees, 

 ruining the bark for making canoes. 



Gossjiparia vhni is the last member of this family found in Michigan. 

 It works on elm trees. The female being able to move about until full- 

 grown when a cushion of cottony material is secreted on which she 

 becomes fixed for the rest of her life. 



The object of this ]»aper is to show the members of this section what 

 an interesting grou]> the family Coccidft' is, as well as to give them an 

 idea of what the ditferent sjjecies look like. As the writer is working 



* Since this paper was written, the writer has collected Kennes pettiti on oak, near Agricul- 

 tural College, Mich. 



