340 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



peach growers: yet I can not accept Mr. Morrill as my instructor in 

 spraying. He told us at Indianapolis that he sprayed two rows of fruit 

 trees at once, two men handling the nozzles and one to pump. If I should 

 tell my men to spray that way they would want to know if I had gone 

 crazy. They know that we can sprinkle, but not spray against the wind. 

 Morrill & Morley offer as the climax for a spraying outfit their largest 

 pump, the kind that I use, and six discharge nozzles, provision being 

 made for only one man to pump. I use four discharge nozzles and two 

 men— not boys— to pump. They claim as a great recommendation to their 

 pump that the handle is njalleable and will not break; but my men break 

 them frequently. When I ordered three handles at one time last spring 

 they seemed worried, and couldn't understand how I broke so many han- 

 dles. Evidently they know nothing about such spraying as I practice. 

 Frequently pump-makers claim as a great merit of their pumps that they 

 will throw a fine spray over a forty-foot tree. My men know they can't 

 throw a spray; only place it. 



But why do I lay such stress on a misty spray? 



First. Because it is more economical of material. One drop of water 

 on a leaf or apple does not cover a large space, but if broken into a hun- 

 dred particles, may cover half the leaf. 



Second. It is only by a misty spray that you can lodge the poison in 

 the calyx of the apple. You may dip the apple a half dozen times under 

 water and the calyx will still be dry, just as a goose is dry when she has 

 been dipped half a dozen times. But a dew will wet the goose, and a 

 misty spray will wet the calyx. It is quite to our advantage that the 

 calyx of the apple is thus constituted. It prevents the poison being 

 washed out while the calyx is closing. Much is being claimed now for 

 the sticking properties of disparene. I hope these claims are true. But it 

 can't stick in the calyx unless it is so placed there that it will stay till 

 it dries. . Paris green will stick fairly well if applied in a proper spray. 

 It is very probable that not only most of our fruit growers, but scientific 

 Investigators, fail to properly apply their spray. One investigator stated 

 that 70 per cent, of his fruit was affected by the second brood of codling 

 moth after trees had been duly sprayed. If such can be the case where 

 the spraying is properly done, it surely won't pay to spray for codling 

 moth. 



Another essential in proper spraying is to have the mixture well 

 stirred. A pump that is expected to do this by a return stream is a sure 

 failure. It must be done by a mechanical contrivance within the vessel. 

 One company that wanted to furnish me a spraying apparatus that was 

 to be operated by sprockets on the wagon wheels, wrote me that Senator 

 Dunlap said it was not necessary to agitate the mixture. I have great 

 respect for Senator Dunlap as an apple grower, but prefer to risk Joe A. 

 on spraying. 



Have used disparene this year instead of paris green, but only one 



