FAUMEKS INSTITUTES. 747 



the extension of inflammatiou from neighboring parts. SiJlenic hyper- 

 trophy is frequently seen in connection with high feeding and infectious 

 diseases. Tumors of the spleen may cause it to become larger than 

 aormal. 



Diseases of the Respiratory "Tract. Cold in the Head. Nasal Catarrh. 

 Causes.— Exposure to cold, especially if in an overheated condition, or if 

 the body is wet by rain, is the most common cause of catarrh. Hugs 

 overcrowded in pens ur allowed to sleep around straw stacks or manure 

 heaps are apt to sufter as a result of overheating and becoming chilled or 

 Ijy irritation from the dust and noxious gases generated under these con- 

 ditions. This is especially true during the cold, wet weather, when 

 they pile up to keep warm. 



Symptoms— The hog may act dull, the body temperature may be ele- 

 vated, and the eyes appear red and watery. The nasal mucous mem- 

 brane becomes red and dry, and the hog sneezes frequently. This dry 

 stage lasts for a short time, and is followed by a watery discharge from 

 both nostrils. In the more severe cases this is succeeded by a thick 

 whitish or yellowish discharge. If this continues for some time the mu- 

 cous membrane becomes markedly changed and ulcers form. Severe out- 

 breaks duo to or are aggravated by disease producing germs are known 

 as malignant catarrh. Nasal catarrh does not run a well-detined course, 

 and may extend to other parts of the respiratory tract. 



Treatment.— In the simple form of the disease medicinal treatment is 

 not necessarj'. The hog should be fed warm slop for a few days and a 

 laxative (castor oil) administered. In severe cases in addition to this 

 inhalations of medicated steam (turpentine or creolin) may be given. 



Sore Throat. Pharyngo-Laryngitis.— The causes and symptoms of in- 

 flammation of the pharynx and larynx in the hog are very much the 

 same. This is also true of tonsilitis. All of these structures are frequently 

 involved at the same time, and can be discussed conveniently under the 

 one head, sort throat. 



Causes. — Sore throat frequently occurs as a coniplication of a bad 

 cold. In addition to those already mentioned as causes of cold in the 

 head, are wallowing in cold springs and creeks when warm, being de- 

 prived of water and slops during the warm, dry seasons, close, filthy 

 pens, debility, entrance of septic germs along with the food and germs 

 of hog cholera and swine plague. 



Symptoms.— There is more or less fever, the eyes are red and wateiy 

 and the animal is dull and may lie aroimd the pen most of the time with 

 its head buried in the litter. Tlie appetite is poor and the hog may refuse 

 food. This is chiefly due to the pain and difficulty in swallowing. Some- 

 times there is considerable restlessness. The respirations are noisy and 

 the throat swollen. The cough may be dry, hard or spasmodic in char- 

 acter, often (juite hoarse. There may be a discharge from the nose or 

 mouth. In septic poisoning in the food and in infectious diseases, false 



