7r>L' lloAKlt 111 ACK'h I'l/nU'i:. 



Icclh. Irnlhs .11 ihi' imiuili. wiilks or I'lins alxiut tlic pen. i;iMR'rnll.v in ;i 

 <ircl(', iuwl witlioiit sliowiim iinuh .-iliilily 1<i dod.ne obstnietious. It will 

 stniciil or ni-niit. ir.v to rliiiih iij» tlic si<lcs ol" Uic iicn, itross its lioad against 

 till' wall m- leiici', and linaiiy fall over In a t((nvnlslon. It may regain its 

 I'l't't in a short tinu'. or lie in a st upni' \\ iiitli nsnally cmls in dcalli. Thi' 

 gravity of the dist-asf <annof always be judged by the treinieney and 

 violenee of the atta<'ks. as ol'tm Avlien the hog is sleei)y and drowsy from 

 the lirst it rapidly proves fatal. Tlir eourse is usually short and the 

 l»rogn<)sis unfavorable. 



'rreatniont.— A large dose of salts should be given early in the attack, 

 lilceding and eold a])plioationR to the head prove of some value by lessen- 

 ing lilood iiressun,' in the brain. The pen should be dark and cool. When 

 ilie disease terminates in paralysis, iodide of potassium, twenty grains, 

 .ind lincture of nux vomica, ten to tAventy drops, can be given in a few 

 ounces of water three times a day. 



A]ioplexy.— Apoplexy may occiu- in hogs that are in a very fat condi- 

 tion, and is due to a rupture of a blood vessel in the br.iin. It sometimes 

 happens as a result of congestion of the brain. When this accident 

 occurs the hog drops suddenly, becomes unconscious, and is usually dead 

 in a short lime. 



\ertigo. lilind Staggers.— Vertigo may be associated with diseases of 

 tlie brain and its membranes, such as anemia, congestion, tumors and 

 liarasites (cysticercus), especially the latter. 



Symptoms.— These are attacks of blindness, jerking upward with the 

 liead. turning in a circle or rotating on the longitudinal axis of the body, 

 running straight ahead and linally falling on the side or rolling over and 

 over. AVhen due to parasites, the hog turns to the side on which the para- 

 site lies and the attacks are apt to occur at any time. 



Epilepsy. Spasms. Fits.— This disease is characterized by sudden 

 loss of consciousness, convulsive movements, etc. In tlie intervals be- 

 tween the attacks the hog may ai)i)ear in good health. 



Causes.— Epilepsy may be due to lesions of the spinal cord or brain, 

 it is sometimes transmitted from the parents to the offspring and in- 

 breeding is also thought to cause it. Intestinal worms are probably the 

 )nost common cause of spasms in young pigs. It may also occur as a 

 resxdt of dentition. 



Symptoms.— The pig may be restless previous to the attack. The 

 convulsive contractions generally begin in the muscles of the head and 

 extremities. Jei-king of the mus<-les of the face, champing of the jaws 

 and an unsteady gait is noticed at first. Suddenly the pig falls, conscious- 

 ness is lo.st, the limbs are extended and the seat of convulsive movements, 

 the head may be thrown back, saliva runs from the mouth and urine is 

 passed. Because of the respiratory muscles being involved the animal 

 has great dilficulty in breathing. In mild ca.ses the convulsive movements 

 are feeble and may cease in a few seconds. Usually the attack lasts 



