FAi;.Ml-.KS IXSTlTtTKS. • i H~ 



from a tubular well must come in from the bottom, which meaus that 

 it has been filtered through the soil and the possibilities of pathogenic 

 organisms being present is reduced to the minimum. Treat all surface 

 Avatcr, whether pond, creek, spring or river, as unfit for man or beast. 

 Tlie feed should be pure and wholesome. Slops that have stood and fer- 

 mented are no better suited to the stomach of the hog than that of some 

 other animal. The dishwater contains so little nutrition that it would 

 be more economical to tliruw it away than to feed it. Corn is undoubtedly 

 our cheapest fattening foodj but should not be given alone to sows and 

 pigs. The addition of a little oil meal or other material rich in proportion 

 will be most advantageous. Pasture should be used in season. Hogs are 

 fond of charcoal, salt and ashes, and these seem to furnish something 

 to the body that is decidedly beneficial. The cobs from the feed floor 

 should be raked into a shallow pit and burned to a char and salt added 

 at least once a Aveek. Nearly all prominent breeders follow the practice 

 of supplying charcoal, salt and ashes in some form, and many attribute 

 to it the power of preventing disease. A feeding floor should be provided. 

 The bedding for hogs should be like that for other stock— a little at a time 

 :iiid removed often. There is no better reason for compelling a fine sow 

 ro lie in her own filth than there would be in the case of a good horse. 

 The bedding of both will become foul and should be removed. It can 

 not be kept pure by disinfectants. Hogs should have no bedding during 

 the warm season, only a dry place in which to sleep. 



In case of an outbreak of disease upon Uic -jiremises, separate the well 

 hogs from the sick and confine all in small lots npon one part of the 

 farm. Separate the well hogs from the sick, as the contagion is spread 

 by the droppings and excreta, and the Avell hogs would be subject to the 

 contagion if kept upon the ground where the sick had been. Formerlj- 

 the recommendation was made to give the hogs the benefit of a large 

 pasture and keep constantly dividing the herd. Experience has shown 

 that this has the disadvantage of getting the germs scattered all over 

 the farm, prolonging the outbreak, and has no advantage over placing 

 ih(,'m in two or three small lots. By the latter method the business of 

 hog raising can again be started as soon as the outbreak is over, using 

 some other part of the farm. Use plenty of disinfectants about the place. 

 Air-slaked lime, whitewash, chloride of lime, carbolic acid, etc., are all 

 gOQd. If possible have one man to feed the diseased and another to feed 

 the well hogs. Take advantage of all the sunlight that it is possible to 

 get, as that is the cheapest disinfector. 



No rule can be laid down for guidance as to the time when pens, etc., 

 may be used after an outbreak of disease. We have observed instances 

 in which this was done immediately and disease did not follow, and in 

 other cases weeks and months have elapsed and a fresh outbreak would 

 be started. If the place is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected and is well 

 lighted a few weeks will be suflicieut, but when it is feasible it is better 



