794 



HUAKD Ol' AGiaCULTUKE. 



of some aiiiiuul that has died from this ditjonse. Cases have beeu re- 

 ported, ijoAvever, where the disease was due to inoculation Avith the germ. 



Symptoms.— Tiie pharyngeal and intestinal forms of anthrax are the 

 most common forms in the pig. The animal is feverish, the breathing 

 labored and there is ditliculty in swallowing food. The pig is very weak 

 and disposed to lie down most of the time. A swelling may appear in the 

 intermaxillary space and sitread along the course of the trachea. The 

 neck is u.sually stiff and saliva dribbles from the mouth. The skin is 

 sometimes stained with blood and the mucous membrane cyanosed or 

 dusky brown. Ulcers may form on the mucous membrane lining the 

 throat, tongue and palate. Carbuncles sometimes form on the skin, 

 especially on the back. Death occurs from suffocation. 



Lesions.— The blood is tar-like in appearance, and hemorrhages varying 

 in amount from small petechial spots to a permeation of the organ or 

 tissue are seen. Submucous, subserous, and subcutaneous gelatinous and 

 serous intiltrations occur. At the seat of the inoculation the tissue may 

 be necrotic. The spleen is enlarged and there is a porenchymetous inflam- 

 mation of the liver and kidneys. In the very acute cases these changes 

 are slight. The longer tlie course of the disease the greater are the 

 changes in the tissues. The bacillus anthracis is present in the diseased 

 tissues and in order to confirm a diagnosis, we should prove its presence. 



Treatment.— Hogs should not be allowed to feed on the cai-cass of an 

 animal that has died of anthrax. Preventive precautions are all that is 

 necessary, and no serious losses will occur if the dead animals are dis- 

 posed of in the proper manner. 



Rabies. Hydrophobia. Madness.— Rabies is one of the oldest known 

 infectious diseases. Hogs do not suffer as extensively from it as do dogs, 

 cattle and horses, but whenever an extensive outbreak of rabies occurs 

 hogs arc usually reported as dying from the disease. 



Causes.— The specific cause of rabies is not known, but its being due 

 to a .specific germ can not be disputed. Rabies is a disease produced by 

 inoculation and in most cases is due to the bite of a rabid dog. The saliva 

 of all animals infected with the disease contains the virus of rabies, but 

 carniverous animals are the onlj' ones that have a very good opportunity 

 to bite other animals when affected. The saliva from any rabid animal 

 if rubbed into a wound or a break in the skin may produce rabies. Hogs 

 sometimes show a disposition to bite, and may infect other animals. The 

 average period of incubation is from two to three weeks. 



Symptoms.— Rabies in hogs is characterized by very much the same 

 train of symptoms as occui'S in other animals. The hog is very restless 

 and excitable, and if lying down or hidden in the litter may jump up 

 suddenly, squeal and run about as if pursued. They are very nervous and 

 easily startled. The eyes are at times fixed or may roll about and there 

 is an abundant secretion of saliva. Frequently they will gnaw the boards 

 of the pen, bite other animals and swallow indigestible substances. Swal- 



