FAKMERS' INSTITUTES. 805 



jiifh lliirk. Tlu' cniidMl cxtroinity forms ;i l)lunt ciul. in wbich is situated 

 tlie anal ami jn'iiital oiK'nings. SmrouiKling tlio body opeiiinjis is a six 

 lohcd l)uisa. There are two long,- slender spicules having muscles attached 

 to their upper ends and wlien t>xtruded can be drawn within the body. 

 The female is some larger than the male and will av«'rage about an inch 

 and a half in lengtli and one-tAvelfth of an inch thick. The curved tail 

 lias a conicle shaped tip and is winged laterly. The anal opening is very 

 close to the extremity of the tail and ventral. The vulva is situated about 

 one twenty-fifth of an inch in front of the anal opening. The reproductive 

 organs consist of two ovaries. tAvo oviducts, two uteri and a bicornate 

 vagina. The eggs are oval in shape and about one l wo-linndred and. 

 fiftieth of an incii in tlie longer diameter. 



~ The mouth is terminal, circular in shape and surrounded by papillae. 

 The alimentary tube can be divided into buccal cavity, oesopliagus. stom- 

 ach intestine and rectunj. 



Method of Infection.— The way in which hogs can become infected 

 has never been demonstrated. In all probabilities the eggs pass out in 

 the lU'ine, and the eml)ryo after developing for a time in some moist 

 place or in water is taken into the body with the food the same as in other 

 parasitic forms. It is believed that no intermediate host is required and 

 the infection occurs direct. 



S.ymptoms. — Hogs affected hy the kidney worm rarely show symptoms 

 of disease. In some cases diseased changes are noticed in the kidneys 

 and in the fat around them; sometimes the liver shows a few lesions. 

 In these cases the symptoms manifested are the same as manifested in 

 diseases of these organs. 



Treatment. — The i)ri'ventive treatment indicated is the same as for 

 the intestiTial forms. It is u.seless to try and treat them as they are 

 beyond the reach of any medicine. 



The lAing Worm.— The lung worm, Strongylus paradoxiis, is a common 

 parasite of pigs under six months of age. It is found in the bronchial 

 tubes. When the infection is slight the worms are foinul mostly toward 

 the apex and margin of the lungs. In these cases the lesions are not 

 marked, and it is necessary to examine the lung very carefully in order 

 to dectect them. In examining lung tissue for this parasite, it is best 

 to cut off the ap(!X and by s<picezing it between the lingers, force the 

 lung worm out of the broncheole onto the cut surface of the lungs, Avhere 

 they can be readily seen. It is the only lung worm affecting hogs and 

 may occur in sheep. 



Description. — The male is a little over three-ciuarters of an inch in 

 length. Tlie l)ursa is provi<led with numerous folds; the caudal extremity 

 at the base of Die bursa is ctn"ve<l toward the ventral aspect: two very 

 i«tng tul)idar spicules |tro.j(>ct outside about one-tenth of an inch. The 

 ttniale is from an iinli to an inch .Mnd a ipiarter long. The vulva is 



