REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST AND BOTANIST. 



201 



vigorous growth should be induced by manuring liberally, frequent cultivation of the 

 land, and judicious pruning of the trees. On this point Mr. S. C. Parker, the Secretary 

 of the Nova Scotia Fruit Growers' Association, writes : — "I notice in your report for 

 1896 many complaints from Cape Breton, Prince Edward Island, etc., of the Oyster- 

 shell Bark-louse. I would like to wager a trifle that in four out of five cases these 

 orchards are in grass, perhaps a cow pasture. It is of little use to try to grow trees in 

 Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island without thorough cultivation and annual applica- 

 tion of fertilizers. I have yet to see a healthy tree growing vigorously that will spvend 

 any time bothering with bark-lice." 



The Apple Maggot {Trypeta pomonella, Walsh), referred to in my last report as the 



cause of considerable injury in Dr. Young's orchard at 



Adolphustown, Lennox Co., Ont., has apparently not: 



increased during the past season. Dr. Young writess 



" September 27. — "VVe have a few of the Apple Maggott 



in the fruits of the same trees as last year, but not 



nearly so many as there were then. We ploughed and 



cultivated the ground last fall, and once in the winter 



when there was quite a thaw, and then again gave it a 



deep ploughing in the spring." 

 Fig. 10.— Flj' of Apple Maggot. 



The Apple Maggot is extremely abun- 

 dant in the state of Vermont close to the 

 borders of the province of Quebec, and 

 Mr. J. T. Macomber, of Grand Island, 

 Vt., writes to me that " it occurs every 

 year and is increasing fast ; in some or- ' 

 chards more than 50 per cent of the fruit 

 is ruined. Numbers of the maggots are 

 found in each apple tunnelling all through -L 

 the pulp and utterly ruining it, except V. 

 for stock." Fruit growers in the Eastern ■ ? 

 Townships should be on the lookout for %, 

 any such injury to apples as is shown i 

 on the cut of an infested apple given 

 herewith, or for an insect resembling \ 

 Fig. 10, which shows the fly enlarged. 



These flies will be found after midsum- Fig. 11.— Apple infescedljy^\p[.le Maggot. 



mer. They are dark in colour, with yellowish head and legs, with clear white bands across 

 the abdomen. They are not very active and may be looked for on the apple trees in late 

 summer and autumn. The remedy which is most relied on is the prompt gathering and 

 destruction of all windfalls before the maggots leave them to go into the ground. This 

 can be done by keeping poultry, pigs, sheep or other stock in the orchard. 



The^^^^^mr-MiXER (Argyresthia conjugella, Z.).— Considerable space in my 



last report was de- 

 voted to a new enemy 

 of the apple which 

 in British Columbia 

 caused last year great 

 anxiety from the ex- 

 ten t and serious nature 

 of its injuries, which 

 closely resemble those 

 of the Apple Maggot. 

 Last spring the per- 

 fect insect was suc- 

 Fig. 12.— Apple injured by Apple-fruit Miner, and the same cut open. cessfully reared both 



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