REPORT OF THE FOREMAN OF FORESTRY. 25$ 



Experimental Farms, in one of the coldest districts in Northern Russia. Several private 

 individuals have also kindly contributed useful and acceptable material towards the 

 collection. 



ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 



In travelling through Canada, especially in the rural districts, one is often struck 

 by the little eifort made by the inhabitants to beautify their homes. With the wealth of 

 native trees and shrubs growing all around, it is surprising that so few people take the 

 trouble to use them for this purpose ; and when to these are added other lovely flower- 

 ing shrubs from foreign countries, easily procured, one fails to understand why the farm 

 house and surroundings, remain bare and uninviting. Lack of time is often given as 

 the cause of this neglect, but one or two trees and shrubs planted in the spring and 

 autumn of each year take but little time, and would soon grow up to be attractive 

 objects around the dwelling. 



To get the best results in planting ornamental trees and shrubs, it is important to 

 give them good soil to begin with, and if that in which they are to be planted is not of 

 this quality, it will repay the planter to procure some, but no manure should be used 

 about the roots in any case. Trees and shrubs from one to two feet in height are the 

 best size for planting, as at that height they transplant easier and make more shapely 

 specimens than when larger. The holes should be made somewhat larger than the roots 

 actually require, and the tree or shrub planted a little lower in the ground than where 

 it had been growing in the nursery or woods, and the hole then filled with good soil, 

 pressed firmly about the roots. Great care should be taken that the roots do not 

 become dry from the time they are dug until they are re-planted in their permanent 

 position. This is especially applicable to evergreens. Planting may be done either in 

 spring or autumn, but spring is the preferable time. The surface soil about the tree 

 should be kept loose with the hoe throughout the summer, which will ensure a more 

 rapid growth than if weeds or grass are allowed to grow about them. By keeping the 

 soil loose each year in this manner, the tree or shrub will soon reach a good size. A 

 mulch of manure applied late in the autumn on the surface of the soil about the tree, 

 will protect the roots from severe frost during winter, and enrich the soil. 



The following list of one hundred species and varieties of trees and shrubs, hardy at 

 Ottawa, is given so that the intending planter may ascertain the best kinds to plant. 

 The names in the list are selected from nearly 2,500 species and varieties, growing in 

 the arboretum at the Central Experimental Farm, and are all of exceptional merit. 

 Notes are given on each species so that the reader may know whether the tree or shrub 

 is noted foi its flowers, fruit, or foliage ; when it blooms, where it is native ; and the 

 height it grows. For the information of those who have not room for a large collec- 

 tion the best twenty-five are distinguished by a star preceding the name. 



LIST OP ONE HUNDRED HARDY ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 



\. Acer dasycarpum, laciniatum. — Wier's cut-leaved maple (Canada), height, 40 to 

 50 feet. This is a cut-leaved variety of the native silver-leaved maple, which originated 

 in Europe, and is a very quick growing, robust tree, with largo, deeply cut leaves, and 

 pendulous branches. It requires plenty of space to appear to the best advantage. 



2. Acer platanoides. — Norway maple (Europe). Height, 30 to 50 feet. The Nor- 

 way maple is one of the hardiest of ornamental trees. The dark green leaves appear 

 before those of our native hard maple and fall from two to three weeks later in the 

 autumn, but do not assume such a brilliant colour, the leaves having difi^erent shades of 

 yellow. 



* 3. Acer platanoides Schwedleri. — Schwedler's Norway maple. One of the best 

 ornamental trees. The leaves are large and in the early part of the summer are of 

 a bright, purplish red becoming duller as the season advances. 



