New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 95 



the seed. What quantity of sulphur and lime it Is best to use 

 has not been definitely determined, but in our experiments excel- 

 lent results have been obtained from the use of 100 pounds of 

 sulphur ajid 50 pounds of lim'e (equal parts by measure) per 

 acre. We recommend the use of this quantity until it has been 

 shown by experiment that some other quantity gives better re- 

 sults. 



There is no danger of harmful results from the accumulation 

 of the sulphur in the soil provided it is not used in excessively 

 large quantities. Broadcast applications of the sulphur and 

 lime have little if any effect on smut; the application must be 

 made in the drills. 



The smuttier the land the better, proportionally, will be the 

 returns from the sulphur-lime treatment. In general, we believe 

 it will be found profitable to apply the treatment to any field on 

 which it is impossible to obtain more than two-thirds of a full 

 crop because of smut. With a perfect working machine for 

 applying the mixture perhaps the treatment will be profitable 

 where the loss from smut is even less than one-third of the crop. 

 Without the use of a machine the treatment must be made by 

 the somewhat laborious method of first opening the rows either 

 with a seed drill or some sort of marker, then scattering the sul- 

 phur and lime in the open rows by hand, and finally running the 

 seed drill over the rows a second time to sow the seed. Although 

 involving considerable extra labor and a small money outlay for 

 sulphur (about two dollars per acre) we are confident that the 

 treatment is profitable, especially on very smutty land. 



Wihile the sulphur-lime treatment will undoubtedly give con- 

 siderable relief and we advise its use, it should not be forgotten 

 that smut may be loliolhj prevented by rearing the seedings in 

 hotbeds and transplanting. We advise those onion growers who 

 suffer heavy losses from smut to investigate the transplanting 

 method. Surely there is some way of applying it profitably to 

 the methods of onion growing practiced in Orange County; and if 

 there is not it may be worth while to alter the methods and grow 

 the large onions to which the transplanting method is especially 



