158 Report of the Botanist of the 



the water-box constructed ontirelj of iron; only cjiindcrs, glands 

 and plungers being of bronze or bronze lined. As manufactured 

 these pumps are geared back 5 to 1. All the gearing was re- 

 moved and a small sprocket-wheel attached directly to crank 

 shaft. This pump had the advantage over single-cylinder pumbps 

 of maintaining a nearly constant pressure without the aid of an 

 air chamber. The position of the pump and the method of con- 

 necting with tank and carrier are shown in Fig. 2, Plate XVII. 



CONNECTIONS. 



The pump used had 1^ inch suction and discharge hence 1^ 

 inch connections were used throughout. The method of connec- 

 tion and arrangement of parts is shown in Fig. 2, Plate XVII. 

 The use of a style of shaft and gearing given later would per- 

 mit of the pump being placed nearer the tank and the use of 

 shorter nipples. The distance between the first gate-valve and 

 lock-out connecting to tank is 7^ iiiches. Tiie gate-valve, also the 

 Js, are standard trade lengths and sizes. A Y, with valve con- 

 nection as shown at h, Fig. 2, Plate XVII, was placed next to 

 the pump for two purposes. It is desirable to run clean water 

 through the pump without having to run it through the tank. 

 Furthermore it was necessary to arrange to drain the pump from 

 both sides. This T and gate-valve also allow of emptying the 

 tank through the suction pipe. 



A shut-oflf valve was placed in main supply pipe at u v, for 

 the purpose of maintaining the pressure when the machine is 

 stopped, also to hold the liquid in the carrier. This proved to be 

 of little value. A T was used in connecting main supply pipe 

 with pump for the purpose of attaching a pressure valve and re- 

 turn overflow pipe. At the same time the latter ralve was used 

 as means of draining the outer side of the pump and the main 

 supply pipe. A power pump should be so geared that it will 

 give good pressure no matter how slow the teajn moves, hence 

 the necessity of a pressure valve to allow of pumping back into 

 the tank when the speed of the machine is increased. The pres- 



