172 Report of the Botanist of the 



The majority of our correspondents report little or no scab, but 

 one at Castile, Wyoming Co., says that scab destroyed 50 per 

 ct. of the unsprayed fruit in that locality, and at Silver Creek, 

 Chautauqua Co., Greenings are reported to have been practically 

 all scabby. A correspondent at Fredonia reports it to have done 

 considerable damage there, but not as much as usual. 



Leap Spot. — This is a name which may T^e applied to any one 

 of several diseases and insect injuries. It is most commonly 

 used to designate the circular, dead, brown spots caused by two 

 species of fungi belonging to the genus Phyllosticta. We have 

 observed only traces of the Phyllosticta leaf spot. Several cor- 

 respondents report some damage from leaf spot, but we have no 

 means of determining the exact nature of the disease to which 

 they refer. Some of it was probably due to injury from arsenical 

 spraying mixtures, some was probably wind injury, and a few 

 persons who reported the occurrence of leaf spot probably re- 

 ferred to scab on the leaves. Some do not understand that scab 

 attacks the foliage and twigs as well as the fruit. . 



Fruit Spot. — In our circular we asked for information about 

 the occurrence of " sunken, brown spots on the fruit." W^e re- 

 ferred to the fruit-spot disease in which small pockets of dry, 

 corky tissue occur beneath the skin of the fruit, also scattered 

 all through it later in the season. This disease is quite well 

 known to our fruit growers. The reports indicate that it has 

 been somewhat less prevalent than usual. It has occurred spar- 

 ingly all over the district, but nowhere very destructively. A 

 correspondent at Pavilion, Genesee Co., reports it " very bad on 

 large Baldwins"; one at Eansomville, Niagara Co., *'ten per ct. 

 in some orchards"; one at Gorham, Ontario Co., "eight per ct." 

 The varieties mentioned as being especially subject to the disease 

 this season are Baldwin, Korthern Spy and Rhode Island Green- 

 ing. It seems to be the general opinion that large specimens 

 are more affected than small ones of the same variety. 



The exact cause of this fruit-spot disease is unknown,^ but it 



°Foi- a good summary of our knowledge of the disease see Jones, L. R. 

 Brown Spot of the Apple. Twelfth Ann. Rept. Vt. Agr. Exp. Sta., pp. 

 150-1G4. 



