2G8 KEroKT of the Depaktmext of Entomology of the 



from crawling bade. Fruit trees located near infested forest or 

 shade trees are also bauded to prevent invasion by the cater- 

 pillars. The bands in use are of two kinds: First, sticky sub- 

 stances that will not harden too quickly. Prominent among theise 

 are a mixture of tar, one part, and raw oil, two parts; raupenleimj 

 and a mixture of lard and sulphur, equal parts. To prevent 

 injury to the bark these substances should be smeared on strips 

 of tough paiper a foot or more wide and tied about the trunk 

 about midway between the ground and large limbs. Sticky fly 

 paper is often used in a similar manner. Second, mechanical 

 obstructions such as a band of cotton wool or waste, or a strip 

 of tin fastened around the trunk so that the lower edge flares 

 out about two inches, thus preventing the caterpillars from pass- 

 ing. The insect traps miade on the same principle and now on 

 the market will answer the same purpose. 



Too much should not be expected of the bands as they are of 

 value only in keeping out caterpillar® which may crawl from 

 other trees or which have been jarred out or otherwise dislodged 

 from the tree and seek to return. 



A very common mistake is to put the bands on too late in the 

 season. If the intention is- to prevent an invasion f ro^m infested 

 trees near by, the bands should be put in place not later than the 

 middle of March. . 



Spraying. — Thorough spraying with pure arsenicaJs has proven 

 very satisfaetory in cases where the poison was applied before the 

 caterpillars were half grown. When the first application is 

 delayed until they are past this point it seems to have much less 

 effect. Paris green, arsenite of lime and arsenate of lead have 

 been used. While both Paris green and arsenite of lime have 

 been reported satisfactory, arsenate of lead has some points of 

 especial merit. It seems to be more certain in its action and 

 adheres to the foliage longer. This arsenicsrl is now on the 

 market; but can be made at home by following the directions 

 given in Bulletin 159. It is manufactured by the Bowker 

 Chemical Company, Boston, Mass., The Alder Color & Chemical 



