New Yokk Agkioultukal Experiment Station. 271 



sickly trees thereby hastening their death. The fact that it will 

 attack and greatly weaken normal trees, as sbown on a su'bse- 

 quent page, adds much to its importance as a noxious species. 



The following account of observations during the past late 

 summer and fall is preliminary to a more complete account to be 

 published later. Especial attention is called to the character of 

 the insect and the injury caused by it, by which its presence can 

 be easily recognized, and the measures which can be taken this 

 winter to hold it in check. 



OBSERVATIONS ON THE WORK OF THE BEETLES IN HEALTHY TREES 

 DURING LATE SUMMER AND FALL. 



The work of the beetles at this time of year is of a two-fold 

 nature. First, they make shallow holes or short galleries in the 

 thick bark of the trunk and large limbs apparently to feed and 

 prepare for hibernation. These injuries cause a copious exuda- 

 tion of sap and consequent weakening of the tree. Second, 

 longer galleries are formed in the sapwood of the smaller limbs 

 and twigs in which the eggs are laid. Occasionally shallow 

 holes are also made in the branches and twigs. 



Injury to tJie bark of the tinink arid large limbs. — The most pro- 

 nounced injury to the trunk and large limbs which has come 

 under observation was in three large peach orchards near 

 Youngstown, Niagara County. At the beginning of the season 

 all three orchards were in a healthy, vigorous condition. Two 

 were composed principally of Early and Late Crawfords and 

 Reeves Favorite, the third, recently come into bearing, almost 

 entirely of Globe. About the first of August sap was seen to 

 be exuding from many of the trees. By September 20, when 

 they were first seen by the writer, the trunks and large limbs 

 of many of the trees were covered with sap. Plate. XXXVIII 

 will give some idea of the flow of sap from the wounds made 

 by the beetles. This plate is from a photograph of a piece of 

 bark cut from the trunk of one of the peach trees in the orch- 

 ards above referred to. It is not an extreme case, but from a« 

 average specimen. 



