640 BO.AHD OF AGRTCDLTURE. 



green will poison anything. This is not true. There is another insect, 

 the scurvy scale, that is found in the orchards everywhere. They make 

 the branches look as if they might have been whitewashed. Paris green 

 will not kill them. You might use something like soapsuds or some- 

 thing like that. You will have to use something that comes in contact 

 with them, for they will not eat anything and take it into their stomach. 

 You may know something about the codling moth. I wonder how many 

 fruit growers here have spray pumps and spray their orchards in the 

 spring of the year? You might put into practice all the theory that has 

 been advanced here this afternoon in regard to cultivating fruit, but if 

 you omit this one thing you will make a failure of it. The time has come 

 when the apple has so many enemies that you have to fight, and fight 

 from the start to the finish in order to get perfect apples. Spraying and 

 spraying intelligently will assist you greatly. 



Mr. DeVilbiss: You do not mean to say that you can not get perfect 

 apples without spraying, do you? 



Prof. Troop: I can hardly say anything else. If you do not you 

 will find a great many insects and diseases affecting the apple. There 

 are but two of the latter that amount to much: The apple scab and the 

 orange rust are very bad in some sections of the country. It seems to be 

 much worse in some places than in others. Bordeaux mixture Is a very 

 good remedy. The time to spray is about the time the buds are swelling. 

 This is when they get in their work. This shouM be kept in mind if 

 you are spraying for any of the plant -diseases. Spray before they get 

 in their work. Kill them before they get into the tissues. After they 

 get into the tissues there is not much use of spraying. You can't stop 

 it. This is true will all of the diseases. This Bordeaux mixture is all 

 right with any fruit, if you will only spray at the proper time. I have 

 heard people say it didn't do any good to spray, but I have always 

 thought they did not spray at the proper time. As I have said, in spray- 

 ing for these two diseases, spray early before the spores get root in 

 the tissues. You should spray two or three times, but the first time 

 should be about the time the buds ars swelling. I haven't found a mix- 

 ture that is better than the Bordeaux mixture. 



Mr. Swaim: What is you opinion of using copper sulphate in solution? 



Mr. Baxter: This sticks to the tree better if you use it with lime. 



Mr. Swaim: Will spraying at the proper time destroy all the insects 

 that bother the apples? 



Prof. Troop: Not all. 



Mr. Swaim: I li;irdly mean just tliat. Will it affect all specimens 

 of insects? 



