70 A REVISION OF THE NEARCTIC SCIOMYZIDAE 



broad; wings parallel. It is evident that umbrarum Linne will 

 agree, but that umbrarum Fabricius, which species has the arista 

 bare, antl the antennae pendent, of entirely different structure, 

 will not. It is also evident, on similar comparison, that neither 

 cucularia Linne (17G6) nor cucularia Fabricius (1775) which have, 

 at most, only pubescent arista, are referred to. 



The logical conclusion is that Meigen did base his genus on 

 M. umbrarum Linn^ (1758), but unfortunately crediting it to 

 Fabricius. As but one of the originally included species can be 

 considered the genotype, it becomes necessary to consider so either 

 cucularia Fabricius or umbrarum Fabricius. Of these two, cucu- 

 laria is synonymous with Musca (Hedroneura) rufa Panzer (1798) 

 not cucularia Linn6 (1766), and umbrarum is synonymous with 

 Musca (Platystoma) fulvwentris Gmehn (1788). Thus Z)^■d|/a be- 

 comes synonjaiious with Platystoma Meigen (1803), [Ortalidae], 

 with the former having priority on the same page of Meigen's 

 Avork. 



This will clear up the situation and explain the use of Mono- 

 chaetophora Hendel (1902). Regarding Statitiia Meigen (1800), 

 little need be said. I do not approve of Meigen's 1800 paper being 

 accepted, but in this case, the name cannot replace Monochae- 

 tophora or Dictya. Latreille (1802) was the first to associate a 

 species under Statinia, this being Musca marginata Fabricius, 

 now referred to Coremacera Rondani (1856). On the whole the 

 validation of genera without species is an absolute injustice 

 to l)inomial nomenclature. There would be less dissatisfaction 

 and more stability if all non-represented genera were to be 

 invalidated and considered as nomina nuda or unrecognizable 

 names. 



Monochaetophora umbrarum Linne (PI. I, fig. 8.) 



17.58. Musca umbrarum Linne, Syst. Nat., (x), 599. 



1820. Tetanocera umbrarum Fallen, Di[)t. Suec, Sciomyz., 7. 



1859. Tetanocera piclipes Loew, Wien Ent. Monat., iii, 292. 



Tawny, variegated with black and brown. Opaque species, ochreous above 

 to cinereous below, with large and small brown spots on the head, body and 

 legs. Wings grayish hyaline with brown areas enclosing white spots, most 

 mtcnse along the costa. Face concaved in profile, snow-white or yellowish 

 white with a median black spot. Femora annulated, and tibiae apically, 

 black. Length.— 4 to G mm. 



