TEXTULARIIDAE — VALVULINA; CLAVULINA. 29 



Genus VALVULINA d'Orbigny, 1826. 

 Valvulina oviedoiana d'Orbigny. 



(Plate 2, Figures 7, 8.) 



Valvulina oviedoiana d'Orbigny, in De la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Pol. Nat. Cuba, 1839, "Forami- 

 nifferes," p. 103, pi. 2, figs. 21, 22.— Cushman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, 

 1921, p. 51, pi. 11, figs. 11 to 14. 



Verneuilina affixa Cushman (in part), Carnegie Inst. Wash., Pub. 213, 1918, p. 271, et seq. 



Test pyramidal, triangular in transverse section, initial end pointed, 

 apertural end broadly rounded, triserial; chambers numerous, fairly distinct; 

 sutures slightly depressed; wall rather coarsely arenaceous, somewhat rough- 

 ened; aperture at the base of the inner margin of the last-formed chamber, 

 small, oval or elUptical, with a projecting Up extending out over it, for min g in 

 a reentrant a considerable channel leading into an umbihcal area; color white. 



Length of the Tortugas specimens up to 1 mm. 



Except for the above reference, this species has been allowed to 

 lapse since its original description. It was found to be fairly com- 

 mon in shallow-water material from the north coast of Jamaica and 

 occurs elsewhere in the West Indian region. In Publication 213 of 

 the Carnegie Institution of Washington I have referred to this as 

 Verneuilina ajffixa, from the Bahamas and from various points ofif the 

 coast of Florida, mostly in shallow water. It is evidently one of the 

 characteristic species of the West Indian region in shallow water. 

 The type figures of d'Orbigny were somewhat conventionalized and 

 smooth, but otherwise fit this species exceedingly well and there 

 seems to be no doubt that this is the species that d'Orbigny had. 



It is very probable that this is the same species as that described 

 by Chapman as Valvulina davidiana from the Funafuti Atoll, EUice 

 Islands. As far as the Tortugas collection shows, it occurs only at 

 the shallowest stations, the deepest record being 5.75 fathoms. The 

 species is heavily walled and can therefore withstand rougher con- 

 ditions of shallow water than can other more delicate ones, and this 

 may account for its greater abundance in such situations. 



Genus CLAVULINA d'Orbigny, 1826. 

 Clavulina tricarinata d'Orbigny. 



(Plate 3,'Figure 3.) 



Clavulina tricarinata d'Orbigny, in De la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Pol. Nat. Cuba, 1839, " Forami- 

 niferes," p. 11, pi. 2, figs. 16 to 18. — Cushman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, 1921, 

 p. 52, pi. 12, figs. 1, 2. 



Test elongate, early portion triserial, later portion, which forms a large 

 part of the test, uniserial, triangular in transverse section; chambers numer- 

 ous, distinct, the angles of the chambers extending back over the preceding 

 ones, the sides being somewhat concave at the base; sutures depressed, 

 usually distinct, except in the early portion; wall coarsely arenaceous, but 

 smoothly finished, calcareous; aperture circular, terminal, central, often with 

 a distinct, straight, simple tooth; color white. 



Length of the, Tortugas specimens up to 1.5 mm. 



