MILIOLIDAE — VERTEBRALINA. 63 



body of each chamber with numerous, somewhat oblique costae, the last- 

 formed chamber often projecting beyond the periphery of the preceding coil, 

 but carinate, like the earlier ones; aperture elongate, with a distinct, everted 

 lip; early chambers, where visible, spiroloculine. 



Diameter of the Tortugas specimens up to or sHghtly exceeding 1 mm. 



D'Orbigny described this species from the shore sands of Cuba. 

 Brady placed it as a synonym of Articulina sagra d'Orbigny. A 

 study of these carinate specimens, however, shows that they are 

 really Vertebralina and not Articulina. In the Tortugas region this 

 species is very distinct from the following and may be specifically 

 or even generically different. Vertebralina cassis does not tend to 

 form a linear series of chambers, usually a single one in the adult 

 being all that follows the close-coiled development, and this does 

 not usually have the decided backward extension of the lip as in 

 the following variety. While not as common as the following, this 

 species has occurred at several stations in the area. 



Vertebralina cassis d'Orbigny var. mucronata d'Orbigny. 



Vertebralina mucronata d'Orbigny, in De la Sagra, Hist. Fia. Pol. Nat. Cuba, 1839, "Forami- 

 niferes," p. 72, pi. 7, figs. 16 to 19; Foram. Foss. Vienne, 1846, p. 120, pi. 21, figs. 18, 

 19. — Cushman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, 1921, p. 64, pi. 15, figs. 2, 3, 6 to 8 

 (not 1, 4). 



Test of the early portion close-coiled, usually without a carina, the uncoiled 

 portion consisting in the adult usually of 2 chambers, compressed, the last 

 one much broader than the preceding, the apertural end with an everted hp 

 extending back on both sides to a recurved projection; surface ornamented 

 with numerous raised costse, somewhat shiny; color white. 



Length of the Tortugas specimens usually not exceeding 1 mm. 



This is one of the common species of the region and fits very closely 

 d'Orbigny 's original figure of the adult (plate 7, fig. 16). Although 

 I have placed this as a variety of Vertebralina cassis, it may be that 

 this should be placed under Articulina as a distinct species. While 

 the later chambers are compressed, the earlier ones, as a rule, are 

 triloculine, which would seem to prove that this is really an Articu- 

 lina. The mass of the test is made up of uniserial chambers, whereas 

 in V. cassis there is a single chamber which is merely an addition 

 to the much larger coiled part. 



I have recorded both of these from the north coast of Jamaica 

 under the name Vertebralina cassis. Brady placed both of these 

 under Articulina sagra d'Orbigny, which seems, from a study of the 

 Tortugas material, to be distinct from either of them. 



Genus QUINQUELOCULINA d'Orbigny, 1826. 



Quinqueloculina agglutinans d'Orbigny. 



Quinqueloculina agglutinans d'Orbigny, in De la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Pol. Nat. Cuba, 1839, 

 "Foraminif feres," p. 195, pi. 12, figs. 11 to 13. 



Test longer than broad; wall, at least on the exterior, composed of agglu- 

 tinated sand-grains, forming a roughened surface; the periphery of the cham- 

 bers broadly rounded; sutures fairly distinct; aperture shghtly extended into 

 a subcyhndrical neck which, in well-preserved specimens, has 2 teeth extend- 



