ERiNGiuM. PENTANDRIA. DIGYNIA. 301 



lucrum many- leaved, subspinous. Petals inflexed. 

 Spreng. inRoem. £s? Schult. Gen, 1156. 



1. E. aquaiicum J ac q. : leaves linear-lanceolate, rennote- 

 iy ciliate-spinous ; inferior ones ensiform ; those of the flowers 

 lanceolate, dentate ; involucrum shorter than the globose ca- 

 pitulunn, entire, as are also the scales of the receptacle ; stem 

 subdichotomous. Spreng. inRoem. <^ S c hu 1 1. Yl.ip, 

 .i\6. fVilld. Sped. p. 1357. Lam. Enc. IV. p. 758. 

 Pers. Si^7i. I. p. 300. P ur s h Fl. I. p. 139. Elliott 

 Sk. I. 142. E. yuccifolimn M i c h. FL I. p. 1 64. 



Root perennial, tuberous, abrupt. Stem 2 — 3 feet high, fistulous, 

 sulcata, trichotomous at the summit. Leaves a foot and a half 

 long, and one inch broad, with a long sharp point ; nerves pa- 

 rallel ; margin armed with slender soft spines at the distance 

 of about every half inch. Heads of flowers terminating the 

 branches, ovate, nearly an inch in diameter. Foliaceous bracts 

 or universal involucrum ovate, acuminate, connate, dentate. 

 Calyx minute, 5-toothed. Corolla white or pale blue ; fietals 

 inflexed. 5ri/Zes long, diverging, smooth ; sn,§-;nas simple. 



Hab. In New-Jersey ? 



2. E. virginianum La m. : leaves long-lanceolate, ser- 

 rate ; involucrum longer than the heads ; chaff tricuspidate. 

 L a m. Enc. IV. p. 759. D e/aroch. Eryng. t. 19. P e rs. 

 Syn. 1. p. 300. P ursh FL I. p. 189. Elliott Sk. I. p. 

 343. Roem. ^Schult. Vl. p. 327. E. aquaiicum 

 Mich. F I. I. p. 300. 



Root perennial, (biennial, Muh I.) tuberous, abrupt. Stem 3 — i 

 feet high, branched above, smooth, striate. Leaves about 6 

 inches long, tapering at each end, with the nerves branched ; 

 margin acutely serrate. Heads numerous, in large terminal 

 umbels or corymbs. Leaflets of the involucrum pale beneath, 

 laciniate ; segments cuspidate. Chaff 3-cleft. Corolla nearly 

 white or pale blue. Fruit paleaceous-hispid. 



Hab. In New-Jersey. 71/u a /<?n a er^-. On the shores of the 

 Delaware and Schuylkill, near Philadelphia, Barton. 



3. E. virgatum L a m. : leaves spathulate-ovate, irregu- 

 larly toothed; leaflets of the involucrum linear, longer than 

 the globose heads; chaff tricuspidate. Lam. Enc. IV. p. 

 757. Delaroch. Ery7ig. t. 20. Pursh fV. I.p. 189. 

 Roem. ^ Schnlt. VI. p. 327. E. ovalifolium Mich, 

 F/. I. p. 163. £ / / i U 6A:. I. p. 343. 



Root perennial ? Stem 2 — 3 feet high, subtrichotomous towards 

 the summit. Leaves 2 inches long, acutely dentate, some- 

 times a little cordate, the base abruptly narrowed into a short 

 petiole, which embraces the stem. Involucrum about 8-leav- 



