12 CAPRIFOLIACEiE. Triosteum. 



clustered ; or rarely (by the reduction of the leaves) verticillate in a terminal 

 raceme. 



1. T. jjcrfoliatum (Linn.): stem hirsute with rather soft viscous hairs; 

 leaves ovate or oval, acuminate, abruptly narrowed at the base, velvety-pu- 

 bescent beneath, somewhat hairy above; flowers (dull brownish-purple) ses- 

 sile and mostly clustered in the axils. — Linn. spec. 1. p. 176 ; Pursh,Jl. 1. p. 

 162 ,• Bio-el. med. hot. I. p. 90, t. 19 ; Bart. veg. mat. med. t. 4 ; Ell. sk. 

 269 ,• DC. ! I. c. Torr. ! fl.l-p- 245 ; Sweet, Brit. fl. e;ard. {ser. 2) t. 45 ; 

 Darlimrt.fl. Cest. p. 159. T. majus, Michx. ! Ji. 1. p. 107. Triosteosper- 

 mum. Dill. EltJi. t. 293,/. 378. 



Shady rocky places, in rich soil, throughout the Northern, Middle, and 

 Western States ! and along the mountains of the Southern States. May- 

 July.— Root thick and fleshy. Stem 2-4 feet high, stout, simple. Leaves 

 4-7" inches long, 2-4 wide, sometimes narrowed into a winged petiole, but 

 always connafe at the base, often nearly glabrous above. Bracts linear. 

 Corolla 8-10 lines long (about the length of the calyx-segments), viscidly pu-- 

 bescent; the lobes rounded. Filaments hairy. Style slender. Fruit half an 

 inch Ions, pubescent, orange-color (not purple wiien mature, as described by 

 Pursh, Barton, & DC), crowned with the foliaceous spreading limb of the 

 calyx : nucules marked with 3 strong ribs and 4 grooves on the back, and 

 with 2 grooves and a central projection on the face. — The leaves are some- 

 times niore or less sinuate, which is noticed by De CandoUe : we have seen 

 Pennsylvanian specimens of this form in the herbarium of the late Mr. 

 Schweinitz. The root is reputed to be etnelic and cathartic, and the plant 

 is well-known in the popular materia medica, under the name of Horse- Gen- 

 tian, Fever-icort, or Wild Coffee. 



2. T. an s:usti folium [L'mn.): stem hispid ; leaves lanceolate or oblong, 

 acuminate, tapering to the base, pubescent or almost glabrous beneath, hir- 

 sute above; the flowers (ochroleucous) mostly soUtary in the axils, sessile or 

 somewhat pedunculate.— jLi««. .' spec. 1. p. 176 [pi. Gronov.!); Vahl. 

 $ymb. 3. y. 37 ; Pursh, I. c. ; Ell. I. c. ; DC. ! prodr. 4. p. 330. T. minus, 

 Michx. ! I. c. Periclvmenum herbaceuin, &c. Pluk. aim. p. 287, t. 104, 



Shady places, Virginia! and North Carolina! to Louisiana ! Arkansas! 

 and Missouri! May-June. — A smaller species than the preceding, with the 

 lobes of the ochroleucous corolla deeper in proportion, the tube less gibbous 

 at the base, &c. It probably has the same properties as T. perfoliatum, and 

 bears the same popular names. Plukenet received it under the name of 

 Dr. Tinker's-weed. 



Tribe H. SAMBUCEiE. Kunth. 



Corolla regular, rotate, or rarely somewhat tubular. Stigmas 3-5, 

 nearly sessile. Endocarp of the fruit crustaceous or coriaceous. 

 Testa of the seed membranaceous ; the raphe occupying the inner 

 side. 



6. SAMBUCUS. Tourn. ; Linn. ; Gartn.fr. t. 27 ; Lam. ill. t. 211. 



Limb of the calyx small, 5-cleft, at length obsolete. Corolla rotate or ur- 

 ceolate, 5-cleft ; the lobes obtuse. Stamens 5. Fruit baccate, pulpy, sub- 

 globose : nucules 3 (rarely 5), crustaceous, oblong, rugulose, obtusely angled 

 on the back, nearly plane on the face, each containing a suspended seed.— 

 Shrubs or perennial herbs, with a heavy odor. Leaves pinnate or 1-2-pin- 



