Galium. RUBIACE^. 21 



large as those of the whorl, and give the latter the appearance of being 6-8- 

 leaved, or fasciculate. Flowers minute, white, nearly sessile within the 

 bracts: corolla white ; the lobes ovate, ratlier obtuse. Fruit rather large.— 

 This plant has a diflerent habit from any other species of the United Stales; 

 but it resembles some species of the following section. 



§ 2. Root perennial : fruit fleshy or baccate : peduncles axillary, bearing 

 usually 4 involucrate bracts, one-{rarely 2-3-) flowered.— 'Relhuium, Endl. 

 (Species of Rubia, DC. Sfc.) 



4. G. hispidulum (MIchx.) : stem much branched, diffuse, minutely hairy 

 or hispid, the angles somewhat glabrous ; leaves 4 in a whorl, ovate-oblong 

 or oval, mucronulate, minutely hispid, especially on the midrib and margins; 

 peduncles 1-3-flowered ; the pedicels (at first very short) elongated in fruit ; 

 ovary scabrous-pubescent ; fruit baccate. — G. hispidulum & Rubia Brownei 

 (excl. syn. Brorvne), Michx. ! fl. 1. p. 80 &; 81. G. hispidulum. Ell. sk. 1. 

 p. 195. G. hispldum, Pursh,fl. \. p. 104. Rubia peregrina, Walt. Car. p. 

 86. R. Walleri, DC ! j^rodr. 4. p. 590. 



Dry sandy soil, S. Carolina ! Georgia ! and Florida, particularly near the 

 ocean. May-Oct. — " Root somewhat jointed, saffron-colored." Ell. Stems 

 about a foot long. Leaves 5-8 lines long, rather rigid, shining above, ap- 

 pearing somewhat veiny by transmitted light, both surfaces sprinkled with 

 short rigid hairs. Peduncles axillary and terminal : pedicels longer than 

 the fruit. Corolla (white, Ell.), with the lobes acuminate. Fruit large, 

 smooth, dark-blue or purple.— The G. hispidulum of Michaux is clearly the 

 same plant as his Rul)Ia Brownei, described from specimens with unripe 

 fruit. The genus Rubia will doubtless be restricted to the pentamerous spe- 

 cies, as proposed by A- Richard. 



5. G. uniflorum (MIchx.) : glabrous ; stems branched at the base, assur- 

 gent, slender ; leaves usually 4 in a whorl, linear, rather aciKe, with sca- 

 brous mostly revolute margins; peduncles, solitary or opposite, axillary, 

 shorter than" the leaves, l-.3-flowered ; fruit pedicellate, nodding, glabrous, 

 fieshy.— Michx. f fl. l.?:*. 79; Ell. sk. 1. p. 95; DC. p)rodr, 4.. p, 611; 

 Hook.! compan. to hot. mag. I. p. 48. 



Shady rich soil, S. Carolina ! to Florida ! and Louisiana ! April-July.—^ 

 Root slender, reddish. Stems 6-12 inches long. Leaves about an inch 

 long and a line wide, shining above, obscurely punctate, 1-nerved. Lobes 

 of die (white) corolla acuminate. Peduncle conspicuously involucrate at 

 the summit, usually bearing a single flower, the pedicel of which is elongated 

 in fruit; sometimes 3-flowered, the lateral pedicels 1-2-bracteolate, rarely 

 forked. Fruit large, fleshy, if not baccate when mature, purple ? 



§ 3. Root percnnicd : fruit dry : peduncles 3-7nany-floicered.—Eugn.\[um, DC. 



* Flmcers vhite or sometimes greenish : peduncles axillary or terminal, fcic-flowered^ 

 occasionally somewhat clustered at tlve extremity of the Iranchlets. 



t Suffrutescent : Califomian. 



6. G.sufrnticosJim (Nutt. I mss.) : " prostrate or climbing, often suffrutlcose 

 towards the base of the stem, which is acutely quadrangular and minutely 

 aculeolate; leaves 4 in a whorl, very short, ovate-oblong, acute, scabrous on 

 the margin ; flowers (polygamous ?) pedunculate, dichotomal, and in termi- 

 nal loose fascicles of few flowers ; fruit glabrous. 



"St. Diego, California— Zi. Nearly allied to G. trichocarpum, notwith- 

 standing the great difference in the fruit." Nuttall. 



