LiATRis. COMPOSITE. 69 



3. L. cylindracea {Michx.) : glabrous or slightly hairy ; stems low, leafy ; 

 leaves linear, rigid, scarcely ])iinclate, mostly l-nerved ; heads (1-7, rarely 

 12) turbinate-cylindrical, sessile or pedicellate, 16-20-flowered ; the scales of 

 the involucre all short and appressed, wiih rounded or obtuse abruptly mu- 

 cronulate tips, ofien ciliate, not punctate ; achenia pubescent. — Michx. ! fl. 

 2. p. 93 ,• Ell. ! sk. 2. p. 275 ; DC. I. c. ; not of Pursh. L. stricla, MacJSah ! 

 in Edinb. phil. jour. 19,^. GO. 



Dry woods and prairies, Michigan ! (and N W. Territory, Dr. Hough- 

 ton I) Upper Canada ! Illinois! Missouri! &c., a[)parently nearly confined 

 to ihe Weslern States. July-Sept. — Stem 6-18 inches high. Heads about 

 an inch long; the exterior scales of the involucre commonly very short, rare- 

 ly somewhat prolonged or foliaceous. Flowers bright purple. 



* ♦ * Scales of the (b-'iO-fiowercd) involuc7X without pctahid appendages : lobes of the 

 corolla glabrous toithin. 



t Pappus evidently plumose to the naked eye : heads 3-6-flowered. 



4. L. punctata (Hook.): stems several from the same tuberous-fusiform 

 root, stout, nearly glabrous, very leafy; leaves linear, rigid, manifestly punc- 

 tate on both surfaces with impressed dots, glabrous, the margins often remote- 

 W ciliate wiih bristly hairs; heads in a dense spike (which is often leafy 

 towards the base), 4-6-flovvered ; scales of the cylindraceous involucre oblong, 

 conspicuously punctate, imbricated, appressed, with more or less spreading 

 mucronale-acuminate tips; the margins lanuginous-ciliate; achenia hairy; 

 pappus very plumose. — Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 306, t. bb ; DC. I. c. L. 

 cylindrica, Torr.! in ami. lye. NewYork, 2. p. 210. L. resinosa, DC! 

 prodr. b. p. 129 (pi. Arkans.), not of Nult. 



/?. leaves nearly all very narrowly linear ; the margins remotely ciliate or 

 naked; scales of the involucre narrower, tapering somewhat gradually into 

 a cuspidate-acuminate point, at least the inner ones; spike usually short; 

 stem often slender. 



y. leaves conspicuously ciliate with hispid hairs ; inner scales of the invo- 

 lucre purplish above. 



Arid plains and prairies, Saskatchawan, Drummond, Douglas ! and 

 throughout the country between the Upper Mississippi and the Missouri, Mr. 

 Nicollet!* to Arkansas, Dr. James! Dr. Pitcher! Dr. Leavenworth! and 

 Texas, Drummond ! Aug.-Sept. — Stems 8 inches to 2 or 3 feet high, 

 usually several from the thick and somewhat knotted often fusiform root, 

 leafy to the sun miit. Lower leaves 3— 5 inches long, slightly 3-nerved ; the 

 others l-nerved, varjdng from 3 lines to less than a line in width, pungently 

 acute. Spike .3-4 to 10 inches long. Flowers reddish-])urf)ie. Bristles of 

 the pappus about 30, purplish or nearly white. Achenia almost villous when 

 young, 3-4 lines lo/jg. — A well-marked species; the varieties we have indi- 

 cated passing into each other. Some of the specimens of the collection made 

 in Mr Nicollet's expedition (our var. y.), have the margin of the leaves con- 

 spicuously fringed with rigid jointed hairs : others are very sparsely ciliate, 



* We are greatly indebted to the kindness of Mr. Nicollet, for an extensive col- 

 lection of dried specimens, made during his survey of the countiy between the Upper 

 Missouri and the sources of the Mississippi, under the orders of the Secretary of 

 War. The collection was formed by Mr. Charles A. Geyer, an assiduous Gennan 

 botanist who was attached to the expedition. The specimens are very complete, 

 and in the finest preservation ; and the localities, with other particulars, have been 

 carefully recorded by Mr. Geyer: they were chiefly gathered during the autumn 

 and latter part of summer ; their earlier, and perhaps most interesting collections 

 were unfortunately lost. 



