LiATRis. COMPOSITiE. 75 



barium. The L. pilosa /?. Isvicaulis, DC. is identical with L. spicata )'. 

 raceriiosa of the same author. 



14. L. scariosa (Willd.): stem stout, more or less pubescent; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, pubescent or glabrous, obscurely if at all punctate with impressed 

 dots ; the radical and lower ones usually large, oval, oblong-lanceolate, or 

 obovate-oblong, somewhat veiny, tapering into a peiiole ; heads (few or 

 numerous) racemose or spicate, subglobose, 20-40-flowered ; scales of the 

 involucre very numerous, obovaie or spatulate, very obtuse, often punctate, 

 with more or less ciliaie scarious often denticulate and colored margins ; the 

 lower ones sometimes a little spreading or squarrose ; the lowest bracteolate 

 and often acute ; achenia hairy or villous, about the length of the plumose- 

 barbellate pappus.— IVilld. ! 'sjjec. 3. p. 1635 ; Ell. ! sk. 2. p. 281 ; Bot. 

 mag. t. 1709 ; Bot. reg. t. 590 ; Brit. fl. gard. t. 87 ; Bigel. fl. Bost. ed. 2. 

 p. 293 ; Hook. .' fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 306. L. squarruiosa, aspera, & sphe- 

 roidea, Michx. ! fl.. 2. p. 92. L. scariosa & spheroidea, DC. ! prodr. 5. p. 

 129 Sf 130. L. borealis, '' Paxton, tnag. 5. /. 27." L. heterophylla, Nutt..' 

 gen. 2. p. 131, not of R. Br.? Serralula scariosa, Linn..' spec. 2. p. 818. 

 Vernonia scariosa, Pair. 



Dry, usually sandy soil, from the Saskatchewan and Upper Canada ! to 

 Florida! Louisiana! & Texas! Aug.-Ocf. — Stem 1-5 feet high. Heads 

 often an inch in diameter. Flowers bright purple, or rarely pure white ! — 

 Varies with the stem nearly glabrous, or sometimes almost tonientose at the 

 summit; the leaves smooth and glabrous, very scabrous (L. aspera, Michx.), 

 or pubescent ; the heads from 3-10 or more, when they are usually some- 

 what distant and distinctly pedicelled (the pedicels shorter or sometimes 

 longer than the heads,) to 30 or 50, when they usually form a dense spike. 

 But the forms are so numerous and diversified that marked varieties cannot 

 be characterized. It is mostly a pretty large and stout plant ; but is sometimes 

 slender, 12-18 inches high, with smaller heads, and small linear-lanceolate 

 cauline leaves ; when it is frequently called L. heterophylla. 



15. L. heterophylla (R. Brown) : leaves lanceolate, smooth and glabrous ; 

 the upper ones linear-lanceolate and much smaller; heads spicate, on very 

 short peduncles; scales of the involucre lanceolate, squarrose, naked. — R.Br, 

 in Ait. Keu: (ed. 2) 4. p. 503. 



" Native of N. America : cult. 1790, by Mr. William Malcolm. Fl. 

 July and August," R. Br. " In S. Carolina and Georgia, Fraser, Bartram," 

 Pursh. — To the original character of this species, we have only to add the 

 following notes upon the specimen preserved in the Banksian herbarium, 

 obligingly communicated by Mr. Bennett: "Heads about 10, forming a 

 compact spike of little more than two inches in length, apparently 15-16- 

 flowered ; in size and shape they appear to resemble those of L. scariosa; 

 but the scales are long, pointed, and more decidedly squarrose." Apparently 

 the species has not been subse(|uently met with in this country; but we have 

 often seen depauperate forms of L. scariosa with this name, yet never with 

 pointed scales. Pursh's reference to Willd. evu/n. is a mistake, as Will- 

 denow has no such species. 



16. L. pauciflora (Pursh) : stem simple, glabrous; leaves linear; panicle 

 virgate, leafy; the branches short, bearing few subsessile secund 3-5-flow- 

 ered heads , scales of the involucre erect, lanceolate, acute, glabrous. Pursh, 

 fl. 2. p. 510. 



In Georgia, Bartram, (herb. Banks) Flowers small, the size of No. 4. 

 [which is L. heterophylla.] Pursh. — We have translated the character of 

 Pursh, merely changing the name 'calyx' to involucre, &c. This still 

 very obscure species evidently does not belong to llie same division with L. 

 paniculata &c., where Pursll places it; for, according to Mr. Bennett's re- 

 marks upon the specimen, " the primary branches of the inflorescence (which 



