150 COMPOSITiE. Aster. 



than A. longifolius, Lam.) is the A. junceus, Ait, : we have specimens 

 many years since cultivated under that name in the Liverpool botanic 

 garden. 



90. A. squarrulosus (Nees) : stem corymbose-decompound ; the branches 

 erect, corymbose at the summit; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, somewhat 

 clasping, sharply serrate in the middle, the upper surface scabrous next the 

 margins ; scales of the ovate involucre narrow, imbricated, with recurved 

 summits. Nees. Ast. p. 86 ; DC. prodr. 6. p. 239. A. mutabilis, Linn. ? 

 ex Nees. A. spectabilis, Willd. spec. 3. p. 2048, 4* enum. 2. p. 886, fide 

 Nees ; not of Ait. A. recurvatus, Spreng. in Schrad. jour. hot. 2. p. 195, 

 ex Nees. 



[3. albiflorus (Nees, 1. c.) : taller; rays white becoming somewhat violet ; 

 the disk at length deep purple. 



North America. — Stem glabrous below. Leaves pale green. Achenia, 

 somewhat pubescent. Varies with the lower leaves lanceolate and rather 

 broad, or all linear-lanceolate and narrow. Nees. — Under A. eminens, Nees 

 remarks that his A. squarrulosus is perhaps only a variety of that species, 

 but that they have retained their characters in cultivation for many years. 

 The heads of A. squarrulosus are also said to be larger than those of A. enii- 

 nens, but the rays narrower. — We have met with no native specimens : if it 

 be the A. mutabilis, Linn, it has been in cultivation for more than a century. 

 The plant from the Berlin garden has rather large loosely corymbose heads ; 

 the scales of the obovate involucre loosely imbricated in 2-3 series, linear, 

 acute, nearly equal ; the exterior herbaceous except the very base ; the 

 inner more membranaceous ; all loose and at length somewhat squarrose- 

 spreadmg. Achenia narrow, puberulenl-scabrous. The cauline leaves are 

 3 to 4 inches long, 6 to 10 lines wide ; the lower narrowed at the base. It 

 appears like a mere variety of A. longifolius. — From this, A. argutus, Nees, 

 of unknown origin (described from specimens cultivated in the gardens of 

 Bonn and Breslau), seems not greatly to differ. 



91. J., asper (Nees) : stem paniculate-compound above, glabrous, rough 

 with minute tubercles; the branches racemose-corymbose; leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, partly clasping, scabrous above, all serrate in the 

 middle; scales of the involucre imbricated, with squarrose-spreading sum- 

 mits. Nees, Ast. p. M. 



North America / Described from specimens derived originally from the 

 Berlin botanic garden. — Leaves thick, firm, deep green ; the cauline con- 

 siderably attenuate at the base, the margins undulate-reflexed, with 3-6 dis- 

 tant acute teeth in the middle ; the apex produced into a long entire acumi- 

 nate point. Involucre turbinate, half the length of the disk; the scales 

 imbricated in a triple series, linear-spatulate, ciliate ; the base appressed, 

 with broad membranaceous margins; the rather obtuse summit green, thick- 

 ish, squarrose-spreading, somewhat 3-nerved. Rays copious, almost in a 

 double series, pale blue or lilac : the disk yellow, turning brownish. Ache- 

 nia obovate-cuneiform, obsoletely puberulent. Nees. — The species is arranged 

 near A. Novi-Belgii. 



92. A. hrumalis (Nees) : stem glabrous, racemose ; the heads somewhat 

 solitary on the branches; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, partly clasping, 

 sharply appressed-serrate in the middle, the margins scabrous; scales of the 

 involucre loose, somewhat equal. Nees, Ast. p. 70 ; DC. prodr. 5. p. 236. 

 A. tevigatus. Lam. diet. 1. p. 307, fide Nees. A. Novi-Belgii & A. sero- 

 tinus (partly), Willd. spec. 3. p. 2048, &^' enum. 2. p. 886, fide Nees. 



North America? (Indigenous on the banks of the Main near Sickerhau- 

 sen ; probably derived from North America. Nees.) Oct.-Nov.— Primordial 

 leaves spatulate, entire, glabrous, with a short and broad petiole, half an inch 

 long ; the succeeding oblong and oblong-lanceolate, clasping by the narrowed 



