SohiDAuo. COMPOSITiE. 209 



about 34-flo\vered, crowded. — L'mn. spec. 1. p. 880 ; Ait.! Kew. {ed. 1) 3. 

 2?. 216 ,• Michx.! fi. 2. p. 118 ; Pursli! ji. 2. p. 543 ; Ell.! sk. 2. p. 390 ; 

 Hook.! Ji. Bor.-Am. 2. p. b\ DC. prodr. 5. p. 337. S. grandiflora, Raf. 

 in med. repos. {hex. 2) 5. p. 359. Virga-Aurea Novae-Anglias, Herm. parad. 

 t. 243. (poor.) 



Dry soil, from Connecticut! New York! and Pennsylvania! to North 

 Carolina! &c. along the mountains; and from Saskatchawan, Michigan! 

 and Missouri! to Arkansas ! and Texas ! Aug.-Ocl. — Stem 3-4 feet high, 

 stout and rigid, clothed with a rough pubescence. Leaves thick, clothed 

 with a minute and somewhat hoary pubescence, scabrous, or often rather 

 soft or velvety beneath, more or less serrate with fine mostly appressed or 

 somewhat crenate teeth ; the radical ones 4 to 9 inches long, on petioles 

 about the same length ; the upper cauline reduced to 1-2 inches in length, 

 broadly oval or ovate-oblong. Heads among the largest and most showy of 

 the genus. Scales of the involucre oblong, very obtuse, slightly striate, 

 pubescent or almost glabrous. Kays large, oblong, 7-10. Achenia 

 very glabrous. 



29. S. corymbosa {K\\.) : stem stout, glabrous ; the corymbose branches 

 and short racemes hirsute-pubescent; leaves (cauline) oblong-lanceolate, 

 closely sessile, rigid, glabrous, with minutely ciliate and very scabrous mar- 

 gins, mostly serrulate ; heads (large) in short and loose fastigiate racemes, 

 about 30-flowered.— EH. / sk. 2. p. 378. 



In the middle districts of Georgia, _E/^?'o^? / Sept.-Oct. — "Stem 4-6 feet 

 high, robust and virgately erect, branching near the summit, the young 

 branches hirsute." Ell. Radical leaves unknown ; the lower cauline 4-6 

 inches long, about an inch wide, coriaceous, the margin rough with close fine 

 hairs; the upper similar but gradually reduced in size to about an inch in 

 length, rather crowded, somewhat acute; the younger more ciliate, and the 

 lower surface sonietimes furnished with scattered hairs. Heads smaller than 

 in S. rigida, but about twice the size of those of the following species, on ra- 

 ther slender bracteolate pedicels, disposed in loose short racemes terminating 

 the corymbose branches, those of the lower or exterior racemes unilateral and 

 recurved-spreading. Involucre minutely pubescent, similar to that of S. rigi- 

 da. Rays about 10, rather large. Achenia perfectly glabrous. Pappus as 

 long as the corolla of the disk. Doubtless distinct from the preceding, if the 

 stem is constantly smooth. What is S. corymbosa, Poir. 5«^?pZ., of unknown 

 origin, with rough crenate-toothed leaves ? 



30. S. 0/u'oenszs (Riddell) : very smooth and glabrous; stem strict, fasti- 

 giate-corymbose at the summit ; radical and lowest cauline leaves lanceolate- 

 oblong, obtuse, with ciliolate-scabrous margins, finely serrate towards the 

 apex, tapering into slender petioles; the others oblong-lanceolate, closely ses- 

 sile, mostly entire; heads (rather small) numerous, in a compound corymb, 

 on slender glabrous pedicels, 16-20-flowered ; pappus shorter than the corolla 

 of the disk. — Riddell ! synops.fl,. Western States, p. bl. 



Wet grassy prairies of Ohio, Mr. Van Cleve ! JDr. Riddell ! and of Indi- 

 ana, Mr. Lea ! Also in various parts of Western New York, Dr. Sartwell! 

 Dr. Knieskern ! Mr. G. W. Clinton! Sept.-Oct.— Plant 2-3 feet high, 

 perfectly smooth, except the margins of the leaves; with a simple virgate 

 stem, which is divided at the summit into a compound fastigiate corymb ; 

 the oblong heads all erect, and on slender pedicels. Leaves of a rather firm 

 texture ; the radical 5-8 inches long, an inch or an inch and a half in breadth, 

 with petioles often about the same length : the cauline successively reduced 

 in size (the uppermost about an inch long), rather crowded, erect. Scales of 

 the narrow involucre 8-10, oblong, obtuse. Rays 6-7, small. Pappus 

 scarcely longer than the perfectly glabrous achenia. 

 VOL. II. — 27 



