SOLIDAGQ. COMPOSITE. 217 



p. 537 ,• Ell. ! sk. 2. p. 574 ; Hook. ! I. c. (Varies, with the stem hirsute, 

 as in icon. Dill., and in S. ulraifolia, Ell.! sk. 2. p. 373 (spec, ex Muhl.!), 

 not oi Muhl. herb, or Willd. ; or scabrous with a short pubescence; with the 

 leaves either very scabrous, or almost smooth and glabrous; the lowermost 

 frequently serrate with sliarp salient teeth, as in var. a. 



6. leaves elliptical or oblong-ovate, short, crenate-serrate, very strongly 

 rugose, scabrous above ; the lower surface, with the stem, pubescent with 

 close rather soft hairs. 



e. leaves ovate-elliptical or oblong, serrate with small and sharp mostly 

 appressed teeth, somewhat rugose, very scabrous above, scabrous-pubescent 

 beneath.— Virga-Aurea aspera, &c. Dill. Elih. t. 305, /. 392. Solidago 

 aspera. Ait.! Kew. {ed 1) 3. jo. 212; IVilld. I. c. ; Muhl.! cat. p. 79; 

 Ell.! sk. 2. p. 371. S. scabra, Nutt. ; DC. I. c? not o^ Muhl. 



Borders of fields and thickets, mostly in low or rich ground, Canada! 

 Newfoundland ! & Labrador ! (chiefly var. /i.) and nearly throughout the Uni- 

 ted States! very common. S. Louisiana, Drximmovd! Dr. Ingalls! Dr. 

 Leavemcorth ! e. Pennsylvania, Muhlenberg! to Georgia, Dr. Boykin! 

 Aug.-Oct. — One of the most common Golden-Rods, exhibiting a great vari- 

 etyof forms; of which we have only characterized the more striking. A 

 correct view of the species, we think, is taken in the first edition of the Hor- 

 tus Kewensis. We are in doubt as to the plant originally intended by Lin- 

 nagus, but the synonyms adduced, at least those of Dillenius, belong to this 

 species. The specific name is not always appropriate: the plant varies 

 from 2 or 3 to 6 or 7 feet in height. 



47. .S. ulmifolia (Muhl.) : stem smooth and glabrous, the branches hairy; 

 leaves membranaceous, elliptic-ovate or oblong-lanceolate, sessile, tapering 

 to the base, acuminate, coarsely and unequally serrate (the uppermost en- 

 tire), loosely veined, smooth above, softly hairy beneath, especially the mid- 

 rib and margins; racemes paniculate, recurved-spreading; scales of the in- 

 volucre lanceolate-oblong; rays about 4, short; achenia minutely pubes- 

 cent.— Mm/?/,. / in WiLkLs2-)ec. 3.^. 2060; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 538; Dariingt.! 

 jl. Cest. p. 457 ; DC. prodr. 5. p. 333 (ex char.) ; not of Ell. 



"Woods and low grounds, Northern and Western States! and along the 

 upper country to Alabama! Aug.-Sept. — Resembles some states of the 

 preceding species; but the striate stem is glabrous, or with scattered soft 

 hairs, and the thin leaves are softly pubescent or villous beneath, and either 

 glabrous or sparsely hairy above, &c.: the radical leaves are elliptic-ovate, 

 with v/niged petioles. The specific name is not appropriate, but this is the 

 plant described by Willdenow, and of Muhlenberg's herbarium, yet not the 

 one sent by the latter to Elliott. 



48. S. Drummondii : stem and lower surface of the leaves, especially the 

 veins, minutely velvety-pubescent; leaves ovate or broadly oval, acute at 

 each end, almost petioled, sharply serrate, veiny, somewhat triplinerved, 

 smooth and slightly pubescent on the veins above ; those of the branches en- 

 tire; racemes secund, paniculate; scales of the involucre oblong, obtuse; 

 rays 4-5, small; the disk-flowers 5 or 6 ; achenia pubescent. — "S. ulmifo- 

 lia. Ell.?" Hook.! compan. to hot. mag. I. p. 97. 



St. Louis, Missouri, Drummond ! Louisiana, Dr. Leavenworth! — Upper 

 part of the stem (the lower portion not seen), with the branches and pedun- 

 cles, clothed with a fine and close velvety pubescence, leafy to the summit. 

 Leaves 2 inches or more in length, about an inch and a half wide, of a 

 rather firm texture ; abruptly acute at both ends, appearing slightly petioled, 

 strongly serrate ; the younger slightly pubescent above ; those of the branch- 

 es small, often obtuse. Heads nearly as large as in S. altissima. Invo- 

 lucre nearly glabrous. Pappus rather shorter than the corolla of the disk- 

 flowers. 



VOL. II.— 28 



