282 COMPOSITE. Berlandiera. 



2. B. tomcntosa : herbaceous, stem softly canescent with closely appressed 

 woolly tomentum, simple or branched ; leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, green 

 and minutely pubescent above, white and finely tomentose beneath, crenate; 

 the uppermost cordate and sessile ; the lower ones petioled ; heads in small 

 corymbs, on slender peduncles. — Silphium tomentosum & pumilum, Pursh, 

 jl. 2. ]}. 579. S. reticulatum, Pursh, I. c. ? Polymnia Caroliniana, Poir. 

 did. 5. 7. 505. 



a. stem erect or ascending, simple or sparingly branched ; heads few on 

 elongated naked pedicels; leaves mostly obtuse; the lower oblong, often 

 acute and somewhat irregularly toothed at the base. — Silpliium pumilum, 

 Michx..' fl. 2. p. 146 (a dwarf state) ; Ell.! sk. 2. _p. 469 ; DC. ! prodr. 5. 

 p. 512. Berlandiera tomentosa, Nutl. ! I. c. 



(3. {dealbata) stem mostly branched, and, with the lower surface of the 

 more numerous cordate-ovate often acutish leaves clothed with a very while 

 fine tomentuni ; heads more numerous, corymbose, on shorter peduncles. — 

 B. pumila, Nutl.! I. c. 



J. stem taller, branched, at length scarcely tomentose ; upper surface of 

 the leaves scabrous. 



Dry pine barrens and plains ; a Georgia ! to Florida ! /3. Arkansas, Nut- 

 tall! "Texas, Drummond! 7. Western Louisiana, _D/-. Leavenworth ! May- 

 Aug. — Stem varying from scarcely a foot to 3 feet high. Leaves 1^-2, the 

 lowest often 3-4 inches long, and 1 to 2 wide. Pedicels and involucre to- 

 mentose. — When old, the soft tomentum is more or less deciduous, and the 

 stem often branched. The var. 7. is in this state, and approaches the pre- 

 ceding. The var. jL appears to be an exclusively Western plant, and is 

 larger, more leafy, &c. If it prove a distinct species, it will re(]uire a new 

 name, since both S. pumilum and S. tomentosum were founded on the 

 species from the Atlantic States. We have adopted the latter of these spe 

 cific names, because the plant, although small for a Silphium, is one of the 

 largest of the genus to which we have removed it. 



3. B.incisa: herbaceous, minutely velvety-canescent throughout; stem 

 (short?) branching ; leaves lanceolate-oblong, mostly petioled, coarsely and 

 very irregularly incised and toothed, deeply sinuate and pinnatifid towards 

 the base ; the lobes and teeth short, obtuse ; heads usually solitary terminat- 

 ing the branches, on elongated peduncles. Silphium Nuttallianum, Torr.! 

 majin. lye. NewYork, 2. jj. 216, as to the plant collected by Dr. James; but 

 not the Florida plant of Nuttall. 



On the Arkansas or Platte, Dr. James ! — The specimen is only the upper 

 portion of a stem, or perhaps a branch, clothed throughout with a very fine 

 and close whitish velvety tomentum ; but the upper surface of the leaves (2 

 inches or more in length) less canescent. Except that the stem is leafy, it 



considerably resembles B. lyrata, Benth.! p)^- Hartw., which is, however, 



quite distinct from this or the following species. 



4. B. subacaulis (Nutt.) : minutely slrigose-canescent, at first acaulescent; 

 leaves (radical) deeply sinuate-pinnatifid, often lyrate, somewhat petioled; 

 the lobes toothed or crenate ; peduncles (scapes) elongated, naked, bearing a 

 single head. — B. subacaule, Nutl.! I.e. Silphium subacaule, Nutt.! in 

 Sill. jour. 5. p. 301 ; DC. ! prodr. 5. p. 512. S. Nuttallianum, Torr. ! I. c. 

 as to the syn. 



/3. stems short, at length brandling, leafy below ; radical leaves oblong ; 

 the cauline oblong-spatulate, somewhat petioled ; all obtuse, lyrate, or spar- 

 ingly sinuate, or nearly undivided ; peduncles terminal, very long. 



"East Florida, Mr. Ware! {Nuttall), Dr. Burroxvs ! Dr. Leavemcorth ! 

 Georgia, Le Conte ! (3. Florida, Dr. Leavemcorth ! May-Aug. ? — Radi- 

 cal leaves about 3 inches long, clustered, rather rough, particularly the up- 

 per surface, mostly alternately sinuate-pinnatifid, often with an oblong undi- 



