RuDBECKiA. COMPOSITE.. 309 



the upper leaves elongated lanceolate, closely sessile, with one or two large 

 laciniate teeth or lobes on each side near the middle, the uppermost entire ; 

 as in the cultivated jdant, and in specimens IVora the valley of the Susque- 

 hannah, Pennsylvania, Dr. Sariwell .' ; or with the upper leaves shorter and 

 ovate-lanceolate or oblong, all but the uppermost narrowed at the base or pe- 

 tioled.) 



Mountains of Pennsylvania! to Ohio, Dr. Paddock! Mr. SulUvant! Mr. 

 Lea.' where it appears to take the place of R. fulgida. Not uncommon in 

 European gardens. Aug.-Oct. — This is a larger plant than R. fulgida, with 

 showy heads terminating the long naked summit of the branches ; the black- 

 purple disk conoid-globose in fruit and two-thirds of an inch long; the oblong- 

 linear rays bright yellow, an inch to an inch and a half long ; the thin 

 leaves 3 to 6 inches in length ; the radical less toothed, and somewhat re- 

 sembling those of the common Plantain. 



5. R. triloba (Linn.): hirsute, paniculately branched; the branches 

 spreading ; cauline leaves sessile, more or less hairy ; the uppermost ovate- 

 lanceolate, slightly clasping, sparingly serrate or entire; the lower mostly 3- 

 lobed, tapering at the base, coarsely serrate, acuminate; the radical on slen- 

 der petioles, ovate or oval, obtuse, often subcordate, crenate-toothed, some- 

 times lobed or incised ; heads (rather small) on short peduncles; scales of 

 the involucre lanceolate-linear, unequal, usually shorter than the (mostly 8) 

 oval or oblong spreading rays ; chali^ of the receptacle glabrous, lanceolate- 

 oblong, cuspidate-awned, as long as the corolla; pappus coroniform, obso- 

 lete.— Liwra..' sj^ec. 2. p. 907 ; Michx. ! fl. 2. p. 144 (excl. /i.) ; Ell. sk. 2. 

 p. 452 ,• Bot. reg. t. 525 ; Bart.Jl. Amer. Sept. 1. /,. 24 ,• DC. ! I. c. R. triloba, 

 subtomentosa (as to herb.), & aristata, Pursh I fl,. 2. p. 575. Centrocarpha 

 triloba (excl. syn. Michx.) & aristata, Don, in Siveet, Brit. fl. gard. ser. 2. 

 under t. 87. Peramibus hirtus, Raf.I in ann. nat. (1820,)^;. 14. 



ji. 2nnnatiloba : slender; earliest radical leaves roundish-oval (small), 

 crenate, sometimes lobed ; the others irregularly pinnatifid with the lobes 

 short and obtuse : lower cauline leaves pinnately 5-7-lobed or parted ; the 

 upper 3-lobed or entire ; heads small. — R. biennis. Chapman! 7nss. 



Dry soil, Virginia ! to Alabama ! and Ohio ! Illinois! &c., to Louisiana! 

 /3. Lime rocks, Middle Florida, Dr. Chapman ! July-Sept. — Plant 3-5 

 feet high (probably biennial ?), the conical receptacle exhaling a faint aro- 

 matic odor when divided. Disk black-purple, or dark chesnut, less than 

 half an inch in diameter, at first depressed-globose, when old somewhat 

 ovoid. Rays deep yellow, in dried specimens often orange towards the base, 

 6-12 lines long. — Well distinguished by the slender (dark-purple) cuspidate 

 points of the chaflf'. In Pursh's character of R. aristata, the chali' of the 

 pappus is said to be awned. 



t t Chaff pale and often bearded or canescent at the summit, mostly shorter than 

 the expanded corolla ; the disk thei'efore at first fuscous, at lengtli brownish or 

 dull purple. 



6. R. suhlomentosa (Pursh) : stem branching, tomentose-pubescent; 

 leaves mostly petioled, hispid-scabrous above, soft and minutely tomentose 

 beneath; the lower 3-parted or deeply 3-lobed ; the upper mostly undivided, 

 ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate ; heads somewhat corymbose ; 

 scales of the involucre numerous, narrowly lanceolate, canescent, imbricated, 

 at length squarrose or reflexed, rather shorter than the subglobose brownish 

 disk, many times shorter than the numerous spreading rays ; chaff' of the 

 receptacle glandular-bearded at the obtuse (rather pale) summit, shorter than 

 the corolla; pappus coroniform, obsolete. — Pursh, fl.. 2. p. bib, ex char. & 

 syn. (not of /tcri. ?) R. triloba ,i. foliis subtomentosis, Michx.! fl. 2. ;;. 144. 

 R. odorata, Nutt. ! in jour. acad. Philad. 7. p. 78, not of the gardens. 



