Helianthus. COMPOSITiE. 321 



or appendages, mostly shorter than the dark purple disk : leaves usually opposite. — 

 Atrorubentes. (Discomela, Raf. Harpalium, Cass.') 



t Rays 7-10, slightly exserted, or frequently wanting! (Echinomeria, Nutt.') 



8. H. Radula : stems simple, often several from the same root, very hir- 

 sute below, naked above, bearing a single head ; leaves opi)osite, crowded at 

 the base of the stem, orbicular, obovate, or broadly spatulate, obtuse, entire, 

 3-nerved or triplinerved, sessile or on short winged petioles, hirsute beneath, 

 hispid above; the u])per reduced to lanceolate bracts; scales of the involucre 

 and chaff" of the receptacle lanceolate, acuminate, dark-purple ; achenia gla- 

 brous ; pappus of 1-2 small awns, scarcely as long as the proper tube of the 

 corolla. — Eudbeckia Radula, Piirsh! fl. 2. j). 575. E.. apetala, Nutt..' in 

 jour. acad. Philad. 7. jj. 77. Helianthus apetalus, Le Conte! ined. ; Torr. ! 

 ined. Echinomeria apetala, NutL. ! in trans. Amer. phil. soc. (n. ser.) 

 7. p. 356. 



Damp pine barrens of Georgia ! Alabama! and Florida ! Aug.-Sept. — 

 Stems erect from a decumbent base, perfectly simple, 1-3 feet high, ex- 

 tremely hirsute below, often glabrous above, and naked, except one or two 

 pairs of bract-like leaves. Lower or radical leaves clustered, 1-3 inches 

 broad, often rounded, nearly or quite sessile, very rough and hispid above. 

 Heads mostly larger than in H. atrorubens ; the scales of the involucre ob- 

 long-lanceolate, ciliate, about the length of the disk. Rays when present 

 yellow, sometimes slightly tinged with purple. Chaff" of the convex recep- 

 tacle membranaceous, with cuspidate-acuminate brownish-purple tips. Co- 

 rolla dark-purple ; the proper tube nearly as long as the limb ! Achenia 

 compressed, the edges slightly produced at the apex so as to appear obscurely 

 2-toothed. 



t t Rays 12-20, elongated. 



9. H. heterophyllus (Nutt.) : stem very slender, simple, sparsely hispid, 

 bearing a single head ; leaves ojiposite, entire, hispid above, smoothish be- 

 neath ; the radical and lowest cauline oval or elliptical, narrowed at the base 

 or somewhat petioled, obscurely tri])linerved ; the upper narrowly lanceolate, 

 or linear, sessile ; scales of the involucre lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate; chaff 

 of the receptacle acute ; achenia glabrous ; pappus of 2 slender chaffy awns. 

 — Nutt..' in jour. acad. Philad. 7. p. 74. 



(3. lower leaves lanceolate, with a long attenuate base. — H. heterophyllus, 

 Hook. ! compan. to bot. mag. 1. p. 98, partly. 



In dry soil? North Carolina! Georgia! and Alabama! j8. Covington, 

 Louisiana, Drmnmond ! Florida, Dr. Chapman! — Stem 1-2 feet high, 

 naked and often nearly glabrous above. Radical leaves 1^-3 inches long, 

 about an inch wide, somewhat hairy on the veins beneath; the cauline pairs 

 distant ; the lower 2-3, or in /3. 4-7 inches long, 3-5 lines wide; the upper- 

 most very small. Involucre half an inch in diameter : scales glabrous or 

 pubescent; the exterior oval-lanceolate; the inner narrower and more acu- 

 minate. E,ays 14-18, large, an inch or more in length. Lobes of the disk- 

 corolla and tips of the chaff" brownish-purple. Achenia narrow, when young 

 slightly hairy at the summit. Awns of the pappus lanceolate-subulate, 

 denticulate. 



10. H. atrorubens (Linn.) : stem hirsute and scabrous below, trichotomous 

 or loosely corymbose and naked above ; leaves mostly opposite, ovate, oval, 

 or spatulate-oblong, rough and hispid, triplinerved, somewhat serrate, obtuse, 

 abruptly narrowed into margined petioles, the lowest often slightly cordate; 

 scales of the involucre oval or obovate, obtuse, minutely ciliate ; chaff" of the 



VOL. II. — 41 



