Helianthus. composite. 3Q3 



with the lateral scales, which become dilated and auric ulate or lobed 

 at the base, &c. &c. ; whence we conclude that Harpalium, Cass, is 

 founded upon insufficient and very inconstant characters. The var-^ j3. dif- 

 fers but slightly, and passes completely into the other forms of this well- 

 marked species, so that it hardly merits to be distinguished. In some of the 

 Texan specimens, and in those"^described by Nuttall as H. crassifoUus, the 

 leaves are more attenuated to each end, more serrated, and the upper surface 

 comparatively smooth. — The stem sometimes exudes resin in small (piantity. 



* * * * Perennial : rays 12-24 : receptacle convex ; scales of the involucre regularly 

 imbricated, appressed, or loith someiohat spreading acute or acuminate (inappendicii- 

 late) tips, equalling the yellow disk : leaves opposite, or the uppermost sometimes alter- 

 nate. — Lsetiflori. 



12. H. Icetiflorus (Pers.) : stem scabrous and branching at the summit ; 

 leaves oval-lanceolate, gradually acuminate, serrate, contracted at the base 

 into short petioles, triplinerved, very scabrous on both sides ; the uppermost 

 often alternate and nearly entire ; heads solitary or somewhat corymbose, on 

 naked peduncles; scales of the involucre ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, ciUate, 

 ajjpressed, about the length of the disk; chaffof the receptacle somewhat 

 3-toothed or entire; achenia glabrous- — Pers. syn. 2. p. 476 ; DC. ! j^rodr. 

 5. p. 586, excl. syn. Ell. H. atrorubens. Lam.'.' did. 3. p. 86, not of Linri. 



13. leaves all somewhat entire ; chaff of the receptacle 3-toothed. — H. tri- 

 cuspis. Ell. ! sk. 2. p. 422. 



N. America ; long cultivated in the French Gardens. In barrens, &c. In- 

 diana, Dr. Clapp! "Dayton, Ohio, Dr. Short! p. Western part of Georgia, 

 Elliott! Aug.-Oct. — A stout and showy plant, 3-4 feet high, somewhat tri- 

 chotomous above. Leaves somewhat coriaceous, 5-8 inches long, li-2i 

 broad, extremely scabrous above, more or less pubescent, but also very rough 

 beneath, copiously feather- veined, the veins anastomosing with the prolonged 

 lateral nerves. Heads few (in the cultivated plant on long naked pedun- 

 cles) ; the scales of the involucre resembling those of H. rigidus /?., but fewer 

 and more pointed. Rays 12-16, in the cuftivated plant 20 or more, showy, 

 often nearly 2 inches in length. Chaff of the receptacle hairy at the sum- 

 mit. Corolla of the disk yellow, the lobes rarely if ever turning pur- 

 plish ; the anthers brownish, whence the disk appears somewhat dark- 

 colored. Achenia compressed, when young sometimes slightly hairy at the 

 summit. Papjjus of two subulate chaffy awns, usually dilated at the base, 

 lacerate-fringed.— Allied to H. rigidus; 'but the disk-flowers are yellow, as 

 remarked by Persoon. AVe confidently refer Elliott's H. tricuspis to this 

 species, although the specimens in his herbarium are exceedingly imperfect. 



13. H. occidentalis {KxMeW) : stem slender, simple, naked above, some- 

 what hairy; radical and lower cauline leaves oval or lanceolate-ovate (acut- 

 ish or obtuse), obscurely serrate, 3-nerved or triplinerved, scabrous above, 

 roughish-pubescent beneath, abruptly contracted into long hairy petioles; 

 the\]pi)er very small and remote, entire; heads 1-5 on slender peduncles; 

 scales of the involucre oval-lanceolate, acute or acunrinate, ciliate, appressed, 

 scarcely as long as the disk ; achenia villous-pubescent towards the summit. 

 —Rlddell, suppl. cat. Ohio plants, (1836) p. 13. H. heterophyllus. Short! 

 3rd suppl. cat. Kenfuchj plants; Hook.! compan. to hot. mag. 1. p. 98, 

 8. partly (spec, from St. Louis); not o'i Nutt. (Varies with the stem nearly 

 smooth and glabrous.) 



p. plnntagincus : stem (sometimes branching) a:id leaves almost smooth ; 

 scales of the involucre scarcely ciliate, attenuate-acuminate, as long as the 

 disk. 



Dry barrens, &c., from Michigan! Ohio! and Kentucky ! to Missouri! 



