Helianthus. COMPOSITiE. 329 



26. H. liirsuius (Raf.) : stem simj^le, or rlichotomous at the summit, hir- 

 sute, rou2;h; leaves opposite, more or less petioled, ovate-lanceolate, gradual- 

 ly acuminate, sparsely serrate, mostly rounded or obtuse at the base, 3- 

 nerved or triplinerved, very scabrous above, hirsute-pubescent beneath; 

 scales of the involucre ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, hirsute-ciliate, imbrica- 

 ted, eciualling the disk; rays usually 12. — Raf.! ann. nat. (1820) p. 14 ; 

 DC. prodr. 5. jj. 591. (Varies with the leaves nearly ovale, usually thick- 

 ish, but membranaceous when growing in shadv ])laces.) 



/?. diversifolius : cauline leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate ; those of the 

 branches oval or ovate, sometimes slightly cordate, nearly entire. — H. diver- 

 sifolius. Ell. ! sk. 2. J}- 423. 



y. trachyphyllus : stem hispid ; leaves uniform, ovate-lanceolate, mostly 

 subcordate, large (6 inches long, 2 inches wide at the base), very rough on 

 both sides; heads larger ; rays 12-15. 



S. stenophyllus : smaller; stem hispid; leaves narrowly lanceolate, scarce- 

 ly triplinerved, hispid-scabrous above, roughish-hirsute beneath, the upper 

 entire. 



Dry soil, from Ohio ! and Indiana ! to Louisiana ! and the western part 

 of North Carolina ! Georgia! and Alabama! y. Arkansas, Dr. Pitcher! 

 (5. "Western Louisiana, Dr. Hale! Dr. Leavenworth! Texas, Drummond! 

 July-Oct. — A polymorphous species, with larger heads than H. divaricatus 

 (on short peduncles, which are sometimes leafy at the summit); and the 

 scales of the involucre (often scabrous-hirsute) more appressed, but the tips 

 at length more or less spreading: it is also distinguished by the distinct, 

 although short petioles. Pappus of two subulate denticulate awns, longer 

 than the achenia. 



27. H. divaricatus (Linn.) : stem simple, or corymbose-2-3-dichotomous 

 above, smooth, or the branches and peduncles sparsely hispid with spreading 

 hairs ; leaves opposite, divaricate, sessile, ovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate 

 from an ovate base, gradually acuminate, serrate, 3-nerved from the round- 

 ed or truncate base, very scabrous above, scabrous-pubescent beneath ; 

 scales of the involucre lanceolate from a broad base, acuminate, ciliate, im- 

 bricated, at length sfpiarrose-spreading, equalling the disk ; rays 8-12. — 

 Linn. ! spec. 2. ]i. 906; Ait. ! Keiv. (ed. 1) 3. ;;. 250 ; Pursh, J. 2. p. 576 

 (excl. the char., which seems to have been made from Michaux's and therefore 

 belongs to H. microcephalus); Bigcl. ! fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 315; HooTc. ! fl. 

 Bor.-Am. 1. p. 312 (excl. char.) ; '^DarlinQt. / fl. Cest. p. 482 ; DC. ! 2^rodr. 

 5. p. 587. H. truncatus, Schwein. ! in Ell. sk. 2. p. 416. Chrysanthemum 

 Virginianum &c., Moris, liist. 6. t. 3,/. 62. 



Borders of thickets and dry fields, Canada ! and Saskatchawan ! to Louis- 

 iana ! and Florida ! July-Sept. — Stem 1-5 feet high, often purplish and at 

 the same time glaucous. Leaves sometimes ternate, the cauline perhaps 

 never alternate, decussate, divaricate, broadest at the sessile or nearly sessile 

 base, thence tapering to a sharp point, 3-6 inches long, an inch or less (rare- 

 ly 2 inches) wide at the base. Heads rather small. Pappus of 2 short sub- 

 ulate chaffy awns. 



****** Pcramial: heads ymaU: rays 5-S, rarely 10 : scales of the involucre fev:i, 

 irregularly imhrlcalcd, appressed, shorter than the yellow disk; the exterior with 

 squarrose-spreading hcrhaceou.s or acuminate tips. — Microcephali. 



28. H. microcephalus : stem smooth and glal)rous, with numerous slender 

 and s|)reading 2-3-choiomous branches ; leaves (sometimes all opposite, occa- 

 sionally with all the upper ones alternate,) membranaceous, ovate-lanceolate, 

 attenuate-acuminate, somewhat serrate, petioled, veiny, triplinerved, sca- 

 brous above, tomentose-pubescent beneath ; heads on slender scabrous-pubes- 

 cent peduncles ; scales of the involucre ovate and ovate-lanceolate, appressed, 



VOL. II. — 42 



