390 COMPOSITE. ACTINOSPERMUM. 



Leaves less than a line wide, often almost filiform ; those of the branchlets 

 scattered. Rays 6-9 lines Ions;. Cells of tlie receptacle deeper in propor- 

 tion than in Baldwinia ; the immersed achenia exhibiting noihing but their 

 radiated summits nestling in the cavities, and reseinUling some of the starry 

 Madrepores, as Elliott remarks. The minute chaffy scales of the pappus 

 are inserted by a narrow thickened base, and spread, like the petals of a 

 rosaceous flower, from the flat summit of the exactly turbinate achenium. 



Div. 3. Galinsoge^, DC. — Receptacle chaffy throughout ; the chaflf 

 distinct. Scales of the involucre not enclosing the ray-achenia. Rays fertile 

 or neutral, or none. 



Galinsoga parvifiora, Cav. is somewhat naturalized near Boston, having doubtless 

 escaped from the Botanic Garden at Cambridge, as it has done from several Euro- 

 pean gardens : we have also found it in a waste field near Pi"inceton, New Jersey. 



131. MARSHALLIA. Schreh. gen. 2. j^. 810 ,- Cass. ; DC. prodr. 5. p. 680. 



Persoonia, Mklix. — Trattenickia, Pcrs. — Therolepta, Raf. 



Head many-flowered; the flowers all tubular and similar, perfect. 

 Scales of the involucre linear-lanceolate, foliaceous, in 1-2 series, erect, 

 about the length of the disk. Chaff of the convex or conical involucre nar- 

 rowly linear, rigid or herbaceous. Corolla pubescent, with a filiform tube 

 and a 5-parted (occasionallv somewhat bilabiate) limb ; the lobes long and 

 linear, spreading. Branches of the style slender, slightly pubescent, truncate 

 at the apex. Achenia turbinate, somewhat 5-angled, mostly hairy or villous. 

 Pappus of 5 or 6 ovate or triangular-lanceolate acute or acuminate nerveless 

 membranaceous scales. — Perennial (North American) herbs ; with alternate 

 entire and glabrous 3-nerved leaves (the lower more or less petioled and 

 sheathing at the base), and solitary heads (resembling those of Scabiosa) 

 terminating the simple stem or branches. Flowers pale purple or rose-color; 

 the anthers blue. 



1. M. latifolia (Pursh) : stem simple or sparingly branched above, leafy; 

 leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sessile, 3-nerve'd ; scales of the involucre 

 linear-lanceolate, acute, rigid ; chaff subulate-filiform ; achenia glabrous 

 when mature ; scales of the pappus attenuate-acuminate from a lanceolate- 

 triangular base.— Purs/i / fl. 2. p. 519; Nutt. gen. 2. p. 140; Ell. sk. 2. p. 

 316; DC. I.e. M. Schreberi, Trail, arch. gen. 1. p. 108, with a figure 

 copied from that of Michaux. Athanasia trinervia, Wall..' Car. p. 201. 

 Persoonia latifolia, Michx. ! fl. 2. p. 105, I. 43. Trattenickia latifolia, Pers. 

 syn. 2. p. 403. 



Dry soil, Virginia ! to Alabama I along or near the mountains. May- 

 June. — A foot high, glabrous. Leaves about 2 inches long, and three-fourths 

 to one inch broad. Pappus tawny. 



2. M. angustifolia (Pursh, 1. c.) : stems somewhat cffispitose, often branch- 

 ing above, leafy; radical leaves narrowly lanceolate, acute, 3-nerved ; the 

 upper cauline linear, very narrow; scales of the involucre linear-lanceolate, 

 acute, rigid; chaff filiform-setaceous; achenia minutely hairy on the angles; 

 scales of the pappus ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. — Ell. sk. 2. p. 316 {6c 

 var. cyananthera) ; DC! I.e. Persoonia angustifolia, ilfe/j-r..' I.e. Trat- 

 tenickia angustifolia, Pers. I. c. Athanasia graminifolia, Walt..' Car. p. 201. 



