Crocidium. COMPOSIT-^. 449 



On rocks of the Oregon near Fort Vancouver, Douglas ! Sfc, and at the 

 mouth of the Wahlaraet, Nuttall ! — An elegant little plant, allied in several 

 respects to Blennosperma. — Hooker's figure and description do not altogether 

 correspond, and neither are correct as respects the achenia, which are not 

 compressed, tuberculate, nor crenate-margined in our specimens ; nor are 

 they very smooth, except when the papilliform hairs fall away. When 

 thrown into water, the spiral filaments which the latter emit form a gelatinous 

 mass around the achenium. 



166. ARNICA. Linn. ; Gcertn.fr. t. 173 ; SchJcuhr, liandh. t. 248 ; DC. I. c. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate; the ray-flowers pistillate, and often fur- 

 nished with sterile stamens ; the disk-flowers tubular, perfect. Scales of the 

 campanulate involucre lanceolate, equal, somewhat in two series. Recep- 

 tacle flat, fimbrillate or a little hairy. Tube of the corolla hairy ; the limb 

 in the disk-flowers 5-toothed. Style in the disk-flowers with long pubescent 

 branches, either truncate or tipped with a short cone. Achenia terete, taper- 

 ing to the base or fusiform, somewhat ribbed, commonly hairy. Pappus a 

 single series of rather rigid barbellate or strongly scabrous capillary bristles, 

 — Perennial herbs (of the colder regions of the northern hemisphere) ; with 

 simple stems, bearing solitary or somewhat corymbose large heads. Leaves 

 undivided, opposite! Flowers yellow. 



1. A. nudicaulis (Ell.): hirsute; leaves all sessile, 3-5-nerved, very hir- 

 sute above, entire or slightly toothed ; the cauline 1-2 pairs, small, remote, 

 ovate or oblong; the radical clustered; heads several, od slender corymbose 

 peduncles; achenia nearly glabrous. — Ell.! sk. 2.^.333; DC! I.e. A. 

 Claytoni, Pursh, fl. 2. p. 527. Doronicum foliis plantaginis, &c., Clayt. 

 D. acaule, Walt. Car. p. 205. D. nudicaule, Michx. ! fl. 2. p. 121. 



Damp pine barrens, &c., Virginia! to Florida! April-May. — Stem 1-3 

 feet high; the pubescence somewhat viscid. Rays 12-15, twice the length 

 of the involucre, bright yellow. Achenia very slightly and sparsely pubes- 

 cent when young, at length glabrous. 



2. A. angustifolia (Vahl) : more or less villous ; stem bearing a single 

 head; leaves lanceolate, acute, entire or sparingly denticulate, 3-nerved ; the 

 radical on short petioles; the cauline 1-3 pairs, sessile; involucre woolly; 

 achenia hirsute. — Vahl, fl. Dan. t. 1524 ; DC. ! prodr. 6. p. 317. A. mon- 

 tana /3. alpina, Linn. spec. ed. 2. p. 1245 ; R. Br. ! in Parry'' s voy. p. 279 ; 

 Richards.! appx. Franhi. journ. ed. 2. p. 30; Hook. ! fl. Bor.-Am. 1. p. 

 330. A. alpina, L(est. ; WaJd. fl. Suec. 2. p. 630. A. plantaginea & A. 

 fulgens, Pursh ! fl. 2. p. 527. 



/?. Lessingii : achenia glabrous! (involucre turbinate; anthers blackish.) 

 — A. alpina. Less, in Linncea, 6. p. 325. A. angustifolia. Hook. Sf Arn. bat. 

 Beechey, p. 126. 



Greenland ! Labrador ! and the Arctic coast ! to Saskatchawan ! and the 

 Upper Missouri and Platte, in and near the Rocky Mountains! (3. Kotze- 

 bue's Sound! &c. — Plant 4-10 inches high; some of the northern states 

 (such as A. plantaginea, Pursh, from Labrador, and those from the Arctic 

 islands) too closely approaching A. montana ; but the more southern forms 

 appear quite distinct from that species. 



3. A. Chamissonis (Less.) : hirsute-pubescent ; stem simple or sometimes 

 branched above, bearing 3 or more heads, leafy to the summit; leaves (am- 



VOL. II. — 57 



