474 COMPOSITjE. Leontodon- 



§ Scapes usually branched: involucre obconical, many-hracteolate : achenia 

 fusiform : pappus a single series of {dirty white or tawny) equal plumose 

 bristles, which are lanceolate-thickened at the base. — Oforinia, Don, DC. 



1. L. auturnnale (Linn.): root prasmorse, fibrose; leaves more or less 

 pinnatifid ; peduncles paniculate-corymbose, thickened at the summit, and 

 furnished with small scaly bracts ; involucre obovoid-oblong, more or less 

 pubescent. — Koch, syn. fl. Germ. S^' Helv. p. 418. Hedypnois autumnalis, 

 Huds.; Engl. hot. t. 830. Apargia autumnalis, Willd. ; Schkuhr, handb. 

 t. 220 ; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 497 ,• Bigel. I fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 285 ; Hook. ! fl. 

 Bor.-Am. 1. p. 296. Oporinia autumnalis, Don, in Edinb. phil. jour. 6. 

 (1829) -, Beck, bot. p. 168 ; DC. ! prodr. 7. ;7. 108. 



Newfoundland, P?/^a2e .' Mr. Cormack! perhaps native. Naturalized in 

 pastures and roadsides throughout the eastern part of the New England 

 States ! Aug.-Oct. 



Subtribe 4. Lactuce^, Cass. (Lactucese & Hieracieae, Less., DC) — 

 Receptacle not chaffy. Pappus capillary; the bristles mostly soft or fragile, 

 not dilated or thickened at the base, nor plumose. 



187. APARGIDIUM. 



Head many-flowered. Scales of the campanulate-cylindrical involucre 

 narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, strongly one-nerved ; the inner nearly in a 

 single series; the exterior few, short and subulate-bracteolate. Receptacle 

 naked. Tube of the corolla villous. Immature achenia oblong, slightly 

 obcompressed, glabrous, not ribbed, nor attenuated at either end. Pappus 

 of copious rather rigid and fragile barbellate-denticulate capillary bristles, 

 nearly in a single series, scarcely thickened downwards, brownish.— A slen- 

 der glabrous acaulescent perennial herb ; with fibrous-fasciculate often tuber- 

 iferous roots, and narrowly linear-lanceolate obscurely denticulate leaves, 

 arising from a short caudex. Head solitary, on an elongated naked scape, 

 at first nodding. Flowers light yellow. 



A. boreale. — Apargia borealis, Bongard ! veg. Sitcha, in mem. acad. St. 

 Petersb. I. c. p. 146. Leontodon boreale, DC. ! prodr. 7. p. 102. Crepis 

 borealis, C. H. Schultz, incd. 



Sitcha, Bongard! Oregon, Mr. Tolmie! — Scape longer than the leaves, 

 slender, 4-12 inches high. Leaves 2-4 lines wide, tapering to both ends, 

 acute, one-nerved, furnished with here and there a slight retrorse tooth, some- 

 what petioled. Head about as large as in the common Dandelion : scales 

 of the involucre erect. Mature achenia unknown. — The pappus is neither 

 plumose nor white, as described by Bongard, but between barbellate and den- 

 ticulate, and dull light brown. 



188. HIERACIUM. Tourn. ; Linn. ; Geertn. fr. t. 158 ; Schkuhr, 

 handb. t. 221 ; DC. prodr. 7. p. 202. 



Heads many-flowered. Scales of the involucre imbricated, or only in 

 two series, of which the outer is short and somewhat calyculate. 



