The Turbine 



59 



chamber, in which tiiere is a series of parti- 

 tions leading the water, which is suppUed to 

 the central part of the chamber, to orifices 

 corresponding in number to the spaces be- 

 tween the partitions. This chamber aa is 

 fixed, but revolving round it concentrically is 

 the outer wheel bb, also provided with a series 

 of partitions. Into these the water is deli- 

 vered from the central chamber aa, and passes 

 from them through the apertures made in the 

 outer periphery of disc. The water is thus 

 passed in at the centre c of the turbine, and 

 discharged at its circumference, giving motion 

 in its passage to the outer disc wheel bb, to 

 which the central driving-shaft is fixed, and 

 which passes up through c. In another form 



arms, as shewn in the section in fig. 6. In 

 cases where a supply of water may be obtained 

 at a low level to be raised to a high-level tank 

 by means of a water ram, and then taken from 

 the tank to work a small turbine, the power 

 will be obtained at probably the very cheapest 

 rate at which it can be obtained, for the ram 

 works night and day, and the water from the 

 tank can be put on the turbine at a moment's 

 notice. We feel, indeed, that in recommend- 

 ing this mode of obtaining motive power we 

 are doing a great practical service to those 

 the circumstances of whose locality permit its 

 adoption. In many instances steam power 

 is obtained at large primary cost, which is ex- 

 pensive to be maintained, and in the main- 



of turbine, as Schiele's, the water is delivered 

 to the outer arms, and is passed out at the 

 centre. In Fourneyron's turbine the parti- 

 tions are made of curved plates, as dd, ee, fig. 

 5. In fig. 6 we give a vertical section of 

 Gwynne's form of turbine : aa is the bed- 

 plate by which it is bolted to the foundation ; 

 bb the wheel-case, supplied with water by the 

 pipe cc; in the interior of the case the wheel 

 </^/ revolves, of which the shaft — from which 

 power is taken — revolves in the bearings / 

 and g. The wheel is provided with arms 

 straight near the centre, but curved near the 

 extremities. As they approach the centrical 

 shaft, they gradually sweep round like a screw, 

 and terminate downwards into the pipe at 

 right angles to the commencing portion of the 



tenance of which risks of loss of no ordinary 

 kind are run, and danger to life and property 

 incurred — all of which could be avoided, and 

 profitably avoided, by some such plan as we 

 have in this Note recommended, and where 

 the local circumstances are such as we have 

 described. In many — we may safely say the 

 majority of — farm-steadings the working of 

 the machines is not continuous, as in the case 

 of manufactories. Working at intervals is 

 their peculiarity, and it is just in view of this 

 that we look upon the use of water power in 

 the way we have above suggested as being 

 the be:;t adapted, both from its economy and 

 the readiness with which it can be availed of, 

 to the or Unary circumstances of farm-steading 

 work. 



