1/8 



TJic Country Gentleman s Maga:;ine 



vary from 35.S. to 45s. per acre, on the lower wolds 20.s. 

 to 25.S., on the higher wolds 15s. to 20s. ; and m the 

 vale of York, on the cold tenacious clays, the rent 

 varies from 12s. to 20s. per acre. In the North 

 Riding, in the cold clay districts of Cleveland, rents 

 are, in some cases, as low as 12s. per acre ; in other 

 districts, as on the banks of the Tees, land is worth as 

 much as 60s. per acre. 



Over the greatest part of the county, yearly tenan- 

 cies are the rule, and leases the exception. In the 

 North and East Ridings the usual term is old Lady- 

 day. The outgoing tenant is generally allowed an 

 away-going crop from one-third of the arable land. 

 This is usually valued to tlie incomer at, or immedi- 

 ately before, harvest ; the rent, rates, taxes, and 

 expenses of harvesting being deducted. The straw 

 and chaff belong to the farm. On some farms the 

 manure belongs to the landlord, on others to the 

 tenant. Unexhausted improvements are not generally 

 paid for ; however, there is now a tendency amongst 

 landlords to introduce some system of compensation 

 on their properties. In the West Riding a Candlemas 

 entry is more usual. In some parts of the Riding 

 tenant right is recognised ; and valuations are 

 sometimes as heavy as in the adjoining county of 

 Lincoln. The custom, however, varies greatly. In 

 some districts the cultivation, manures applied, 

 rent, taxes, &c., on the land under gi-een crop 

 and bare fallow, is paid for by the incoming 



tenant ; if the land has been under green crop an allow- 

 ance is made for the value of the crop, the amount of 

 this allowance depending on whether the crop has been 

 consumed on or sold off the farm. A white crop gene- 

 rally extinguishes this claim for compensation. On 

 the half-tillage land the out -going tenant is sometimes 

 allowed half the rent, taxes, cultivation, and manures. 

 The half-tillage land consists of clovers, beans, peas, 

 and stubbles. In some districts an allowance is made 

 for bone manure or guano used on the crop on the 

 previous year, and also for the cake consumed by the 

 fatting animals, but no regular custom is established. 

 Even in districts where the principle of paying for un- 

 exhausted manures is recognised, there is much diver- 

 sity in the practice of the valuators. 



Labourers are well paid over the whole of this 

 county ; near the large manufacturing towns as much 

 as 20s. per week is sometimes paid in cash and perqui- 

 sites. Over the greater part of the county good labourers 

 are paid 14s. per week, and generally are able to obtain 

 suitable cottages at reasonable rents. There is, how- 

 ever, still room for more cottages ; labourers have fre- 

 quently too far to travel to and from their daily work. 

 Formerly a large number of servant men were boarded 

 in the houses of their employers, though from the 

 absence of proper accommodation in some districts this 

 plan is still adopted, yet the number so boarded is 

 greatly reduced. 



