EXPLANATION OF NAMES OF HERBACEOUS PLANTS. 39 
Hine Pine:—Sun Yen calls it 3 GE HR tse hua sung 
(cabbage with violet flowers). Another name is im FR wen 
sung. Large root. Now its common name is 2E A lo p'o. 
In the Fung yen the same plant is compared to the FE kiai 
(mustard plant) from which it is distinguished by its violet 
flowers. In Eastern #& Lu (Shan tung) it is also known by 
the name of #$ 3% la ta. The commentary adds that its 
seeds are as large as small beans. 
The plant here spoken of is the Radish, Raphanus sativus, L. 
It has violet flowers and large seeds; its common name 
is nowadays 3¥ 3 lo p‘o, which appears first in Chinese 
books in the 9th century. In the Kuana yi Dictionary, 
which was compiled in that period, it is stated that this 
name was in use in the State of # Ts‘in (Shen si, Eastern 
Kan su). In the T'‘ang Pen ts‘ao, published two centuries 
earlier, we first meet with another name for the radish, KK AR 
laz fu. Under this name it is described by Li Sut-cHen 
in the P., XXVI, 41, and figured Ch., IV, 15. 
In Kamprer’s Amen. exot., 823, Japanese plants, we read 
AE Mk Rai fuku, vulgo “ Daikon,” Raphanus major orbicularis 
vel radice permagna oblonga. With the same Chinese name 
the radish is figured in the So moku, XII, 27, 28. ° 
As the radish is mentioned in the Rh ya it may be assumed 
that it has been cultivated in China from remote antiquity. 
From China its cultivation spread over the neighbouring 
countries, where the people generally adopted also the 
Chinese name of the plant. The Anamese and Malay call it 
lobac. (See Lourxtro’s Flora cochin., 481; Warson’s Native 
and Scient. Names of Eastern Asiat. Plants.) In Tibetan 
it is la phug (Jmscuxe, Tibet. Dictionary) ; in Mongol and 
— Kalmuck lao pang, lo bin, but also turma. The latter name 
is, it seems, derived from the Persian appellation turup, used 
to designate the radish. 
