* 
160 , BOTANICON SINICUM. 
to haye been unknown to the ancient Chinese. It is not 
mentioned in the oldest Chinese treatises on husband 
The name fiuo ma? first appears in the Ps‘? min yao shu 
[Sth century]. See also the Vung cheng ts‘itin shi, 
AXYVI, i. 
352.—We real in Mencius, 297 :—Of all seeds the best are 
the five kinds of grain, yet if they be not ripe they are not 
equal to the 38 ¢/ and the #M pa’. So the value of bene- 
yolence depends entirely on its being brought to maturity. 
Regarding these plants, Lear translates the followin, 
particulars drawn from P.,, XXIII, 18, pad ond other 
Chinese works :—The t/ and the pai are two plants closely 
resembling one another. T hey are a kind of spurious g grain, 
vielding «. rice-like seed, Lut smaller, They are to be. found 
| at all times, in wet situations and dry, and when crushed and 
Toasted may satist'y the hunger in a time of famine. One 
kind of pe is called in the north bird paddy Ae wae ho. 
I am not prepared to say to what gramineous plant: the 
i answers, [V. supra, Rh ya, 61) saan the name 15 
written #%. Compare also the Calendar of the Hia [36] :—I 
the second month panic grass, fi ¢*/, is gathered. Kuo 
says that the ¢/ resembles the #8 pai. As to the latter 
name, it is applied at Peking to Punicum (le -hinochlow) crus 
gall, La, a wild-growing plant, which is also cultivated for 
its grain. This plant has the same Chinese name in Hupei 
(Hexry, be, 835). Leads is mistaken with respect te tt 
mame “ bird paddy,” for the correct reading is & A wu ho, 
black corn. The cars of P. crus galli when ripe are of a 
blackish colour. [See drawings of the pai in the Kru — 
LH, 5; Ch., A ee ea 
—— Smms., Syn. plant. weon, jup., 34, F% nora hije, Hleusine 
x rorocana, Gaertn. Hine inde cultum framentum. But 
Kaavren’s Beja vulgo jije, Panicum yulgare panicula 
