PLANTS MENTIONED IN CLASSICAL WORKS. 225 
the other kind is as thick as a hair-pin ; its leaves resemble 
those of the #€ %& p‘eny hao (Chrysanthemum coronarium). 
This is called 3% #E tsi tsao ( tufty tsao). The people of 
#& HH Fu feng (in Shansi) say that it emits a sound. — 
Both kinds of tsao are eaten. When cooked they lose their 
unpleasant smell. They are boiled with flour, and furnish a 
relishable dish. In Yang chou, in time of dearth, the ¢szo 
plant serves as.a substitute for corn. 
Both Mao and Cau Ht identify the ¢sao of the Shi king 
with the tsi tsao. 
P.,, XIX, 26, treats of de plants under the head of 
IK YH shui tsao, fresh water tsao (for there is also a hai tsao 
or sea tsao), The ancient authors quoted there call the larger 
kind BB # ma tsao [see the RA ya, 111]. It is said to have 
Opposite leaves resembling those of purslane, two or three 
inches long. The other kind, the tsi tsao, has fine slender 
leaves resembling raw silk, others says the gills of a fish, 
and are arranged in whorls around the stem. , 
Ch., XVILL, 23, represents under tsao; also called #, # 
— cha ts‘ao, a Myriophyllum. At Peking cha ts‘ao is the popular 
name for V/, spicatum, Le 
s, The above-noticed ee meaning of the character 
_ tsao, “elegant composition,” is derived, it seems, from the 
elegant pinnatifid capillary leaves of the a yllum or 
Water Milfoil. 
The Phon zo [KXXIV, 12] figures under 5 3 a piii 
weed, Potamogeton erispus, L., and under Be we — um 
spieatum, L. 
Vv. supra, 111. Jap., 1470-1472, three Myriophytla without 
Specific Chinese names. 
Fap., 2403, Zostera marina, L.., (Naj.) K aR ti. 
» 1742, Polamogeton oxyphyllus, Miq., 5 Be: 
» 556, Ceratophyllum demersum, L., ¥8 He. 
» 1743, Potam. polygonifolius, Pourr., Fk F 5 a 
» 1984, Salvinia vulgaris, Mich., # EA ih: 
