386 BOTANICON SINIGUM. 
The birch is a common tree in the more elevated mounta 
of Northern China. The people call. it Aua. Three or four 
species of Betula are known in China. 
Siesotp, Syn. plant. econ. jap., 148 :—Betula japoniea 
(a variety of B. alba, L.), sirokaba, i. Cortex arboris in 
regionibus borealibus pro charta aliisque adhibetur utensilib 
Phon z0, LXXXV, 10, 11, 12:—Same Chinese — 
Betula. Bis 
£., 254, family Ha. Figure of a large tree, the parallel veine 
leaves and round, berry-like fruit do not agree with de/ula. 
C., 498. H., 128. Sm, 45.  Fap., 338, B. alba, L, 
vulgaris, Reg., fet 7K. 
V. supra, 235. 
504.—fE Ka. Lege calls it the stave tree. Shik ing, 400. 
Eth ya, 249 :—Kia, also wei (k‘ui), which produces walkin, 
sticks. The ki is frequently mentioned in the Shan 
king. ; 
Lu kt:—The hii or wei is used by old men for wal ing- 
staves. It is also called @ 2 7K Ling shou mu (the tree 
longevity), The people employ it for whip-handles and 
lances. It grows plentifully in the northern mountains 
@ B Hung nung (in Honan). : 
i XXXVI, 75 :—Ling shou mu, or kii, also FR FH a 
chang (walking-staff for old men). The first name dates 
the time of the Han dynasty. In the Han History, 3 i 
biography of J 36 K‘una Kuana, a high dignitary, 
stated that after he had been ill the empress beater u 
him a staff of longev ity to lean on when going to ¢o 
Yen Sur-xu [of the Tang dynasty} who commented upon 
Tsien Han-shu, says that this plant is like the bamboo 
having joints, and is not more than 8 or 9 feet high, the is 
3 or 4 inches in circumference, fit, as it grows, for walk 
sticks without any cutting or forming. : 
V. supra, 249. 
