PROCREDINGS. | 483 
Thus, in 1842, the official census returns gave a total of 3,574,209 
families, which, according to the ordinary mode of calculation, 
allowing five persons to each family, gives a total of 17,871,945 
individuals, 
In 1877, at the close of a civil war that had lasted over twenty 
years, and had greatly reduced the namber of inhabitante, I estimated 
the population to be about one million families. 
Just at that time, however, there was a great inflax of people 
from Szuch‘nan, and other places, so I tabulated the population at 
about 5,600,000. Two years later an official censns was taken, 
and the population was then declared to be over eleven million — 
individuals. * hs ah sae a 
In ancient times the taking of the census meant preparations for 
inidiai’ and customs, refraining as much os possible from socal | 
distinctions peculiar to the members of their respective tribes; hve os 
the Miao-tzn and Lung Jén tribes in the eastern it a0 ce 
province, live and dress differently from those of the centre and " . - 
of the province. In the east, especially Se ae i 
Kuang-nan Fu, I noticed the women were meiner ~ a - 
with large blue collars something like English naval service ete 
of pleasure after pesireinani Be the evening, singing | “sl 
to amuse the old people, ai ee ee 
admirers, whose love and passion is thereby SLi NN RL - oe 
pitch. ‘The women enjoy more liberty of action and : eS 
restraint than our European women, clu car gn 
to interfere with his wife’s enjoyment 
; fond a 
No married man ever altempss — ao 
