14 Mr. Woops on the Genera of European Grasses. 
I have already noticed Zea as the only Grass within my limits where the 
barren and fertile flowers are on different parts of the plant. I may add, that 
it is the only one where there are no spiculæ containing all the parts necessary 
for the reproduction of the plants. Hordeum, Andropogon, and Sorghum have 
distinct antheriferous spiculæ mixed with the perfect ones. Holcus, Hierochloa, 
and Arrhenatherum have barren florets containing anthers only, mixed with 
the perfect ones in the same spicula. The Phalarideæ and Paniceæ have one 
or two abortive external florets; this occurs also in Phragmites, and some- 
times in Ampelodesmus. The addition of an upper abortive floret occurs in 
many Grasses, as well in the many-flowered ones as in those which have but 
one perfect floret, and perhaps may serve as an accessory in determining the 
genus of a Grass, though I think it cannot always be depended upon even as 
a specific character. | 
Passing from the external to the more central parts of the plant, we find 
that the glumes are wanting in Leersia, Coleanthus, and Nardus. They are 
Separated by a short stalk from the lower floret in Oryza, Stipa (except in 
S. aristella), and Cynosurus aureus, solitary in Lolium, Psilurus, and some spe- 
cies of Lepturus. On one side of the spicula in Elymus, Hordeum, and the 
remaining species of Lepturus, and in some degree in Ægilops. The general 
arrangement presents us two glumes on opposite sides of the spicula, but one 
sometimes a little lower than the other, the inner or upper being rather the 
largest. The terms inner and outer with 
either in relation to the spicula to which they 
of which the spicula forms a part. 
equivalent ; in the second, the lower glume becomes the inner one in, I believe, 
; the positi glumes seems to be equidistant 
from the general centre. To avoid ambiguity, I use with Kunth the terms 
upper and lower as applied to individual spicule, inner and outer to the more 
general inflorescence. Of the paleæ we must s : 
: peak always with 
the spicula of which they form part, and the ys with reference to 
